Colucci-D'Amato Luca, Cimaglia Gloria
Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (DiSTABiF), University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
InterUniversity Center for Research in Neuroscience (CIRN), Napoli, Italy.
J Tradit Complement Med. 2020 Jun 4;10(3):309-314. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.05.002. eCollection 2020 May.
Nutraceuticals had always been known for their therapeutic effects in ancient medicine and had been the primary healing remedy until the introduction of modern chemistry and pharmacology. However, their use has not been dismissed but actually is acquiring a new acclamation among the scientific community especially for their efficacy on the Central Nervous System (CNS). Molecular mechanisms of the most common neurodegenerative diseases are now being uncovered and along with that the molecules that drive the neurodegenerative processes. It is not surprising that some natural compounds can interact with those molecules and interfere with the pathological pathways halting the cascades that ultimately lead to neuronal cell death. The plant has gained increased attention in medicinal chemistry due to its beneficial role to treat a variety of human diseases and also because of the presence of a huge number of compounds belonging to different classes of natural products, including neuroactive compounds potentially able to promote neuroprotection. Among all the components of the plant extract, rutin - which is highly, if not the most, abundant - positively interacts with the neurophysiology of the CNS too, being particularly efficient against neurotoxicity. Rutin, has proven to be protective in a variety of experimental settings of neurodegeneration. Finally, it has been shown that the water extract of (RGWE) induces death of glioblastoma cells but not of neuronal cells. Moreover, it also fosters cell cycle re-entry and differentiation of neuronal cells. This peculiarity represents a promising tool to promote neural plasticity in pathological conditions.
营养保健品在古代医学中就一直因其治疗作用而闻名，在现代化学和药理学引入之前，一直是主要的治疗药物。然而，它们的用途并未被摒弃，实际上在科学界正获得新的赞誉，尤其是因其对中枢神经系统（CNS）的功效。现在，最常见的神经退行性疾病的分子机制正在被揭示，与此同时，驱动神经退行性过程的分子也被发现。一些天然化合物能够与这些分子相互作用，干扰病理途径，阻止最终导致神经元细胞死亡的级联反应，这并不奇怪。这种植物因其在治疗多种人类疾病中的有益作用，以及因其含有大量属于不同类别的天然产物的化合物，包括可能具有神经保护作用的神经活性化合物，而在药物化学中受到越来越多的关注。在植物提取物的所有成分中，芦丁（如果不是含量最高的，也是含量非常高的）也与中枢神经系统的神经生理学产生积极的相互作用，对神经毒性特别有效。芦丁已被证明在多种神经退行性变的实验环境中具有保护作用。最后，已经表明该植物的水提取物（RGWE）可诱导胶质母细胞瘤细胞死亡，但不会诱导神经元细胞死亡。此外，它还促进神经元细胞重新进入细胞周期并分化。这种特性代表了一种在病理条件下促进神经可塑性的有前景的工具。
