Department of Biotechnology, Unit of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probiotics, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), National Research Council, Av. Agustin Escardino 7, Paterna, 46980, Valencia, Spain.
Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
Eur J Nutr. 2021 Apr;60(3):1429-1442. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02337-7. Epub 2020 Jul 29.
Diet has an important role in host-microbiome interplay, which may result in intestinal permeability changes and physiopathological effects at a systemic level. Despite the importance of maternal microbiota as the main contributor to the initial microbial seeding, little is known about the effects of maternal diet during pregnancy on maternal-neonatal microbiota.
This study aimed at ascertaining the possible associations between maternal dietary intake during pregnancy and neonatal microbiota at birth and to evaluate the relationship with maternal intestinal markers.
In a nested cross-sectional study in the longitudinal MAMI cohort, maternal-neonatal microbiota profiling at birth (n = 73) was assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Maternal intestinal markers as zonulin, intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) activity and faecal calprotectin were measured in faeces. Furthermore, maternal-neonatal clinical and anthropometric data, as well as maternal nutrient intake during pregnancy obtained by FFQ questionnaires, were collected.
Maternal diet is associated with both maternal and neonatal microbiota at the time of birth, in a delivery mode-dependent manner. The existing link between maternal diet, intestinal makers and neonatal gut microbiota would be mainly influenced by the intake of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Members of Firmicutes in the neonatal microbiota were positively associated with maternal fat intake, especially SFA and MUFA, and negatively correlated to fibre, proteins from vegetable sources and vitamins.
Maternal diet during pregnancy, mainly fat intake (SFA and MUFA), was related to intestinal markers, thus likely shifting the microbial transmission to the neonate and priming the neonatal microbial profile with potential health outcomes.
NCT03552939.
饮食在宿主-微生物组相互作用中起着重要作用，这可能导致肠道通透性改变和全身的生理病理效应。尽管母体微生物群作为初始微生物定植的主要贡献者非常重要，但关于母体在怀孕期间的饮食对母体-新生儿微生物群的影响知之甚少。
本研究旨在确定母亲在怀孕期间的饮食摄入与出生时新生儿微生物群之间的可能关联，并评估与母体肠道标志物的关系。
在纵向 MAMI 队列的嵌套横断面研究中，通过 16S rRNA 基因测序评估出生时的母婴微生物群特征（n=73）。在粪便中测量母体肠道标志物，如紧密连接蛋白、肠碱性磷酸酶（IAP）活性和粪便钙卫蛋白。此外，还收集了母婴临床和人体测量数据，以及通过 FFQ 问卷获得的母亲在怀孕期间的营养摄入。
母体饮食与分娩方式相关，与出生时的母婴微生物群有关。母体饮食、肠道标志物和新生儿肠道微生物群之间的现有联系主要受饱和（SFA）和单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）的摄入影响。新生儿微生物群中的厚壁菌门与母体脂肪摄入呈正相关，特别是 SFA 和 MUFA，与纤维、植物源蛋白质和维生素呈负相关。
孕妇在怀孕期间的饮食，主要是脂肪摄入（SFA 和 MUFA），与肠道标志物有关，因此可能会改变微生物向新生儿的传递，并使新生儿的微生物特征具有潜在的健康结果。
NCT03552939。
