Karcher Nicole R, Loewy Rachel L, Savill Mark, Avenevoli Shelli, Huber Rebekah S, Simon Tony J, Leckliter Ingrid N, Sher Kenneth J, Barch Deanna M
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Schizophr Bull Open. 2020 Jan;1(1):sgaa009. doi: 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgaa009. Epub 2020 Jun 12.
The fields of psychology and psychiatry are increasingly recognizing the importance of replication efforts. The current study aimed to replicate previous findings examining the construct validity and psychometric properties of a psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) measure in middle childhood using an independent subset of the baseline Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) sample. Using a remainder baseline sample of 7013 nine- to eleven-year-old children with complete data, we examined measurement invariance across race/ethnicity and sex, and examined the associations between the Prodromal Questionnaire Brief-Child Version (PQ-BC) and other measures of PLEs, internalizing symptoms, neuropsychological test performance, and developmental milestones, to determine whether previously obtained results replicated in this nonoverlapping baseline sample subset. The results replicated measurement invariance across ethnicity and sex, and analyses again found higher PQ-BC scores for African American (β = .364, 95% CI = 0.292, 0.435) and Hispanic (β = .255, 95% CI = 0.185, 0.324) groups. We also replicated that higher PQ-BC scores were associated with psychosis risk measures, higher rates of child-reported internalizing symptoms (Distress: β = .378, 95% CI = 0.357,0.398), neuropsychological test performance deficits (eg, working memory; Distress: β = -.069, 95% CI = -0.096, -0.042), and motor (Distress: β = .026, 95% CI = 0.003, 0.049) and speech (Distress: β = .042, 95% CI = 0.018, 0.065) developmental milestone delays. The current results replicated many findings from the original study examining the PQ-BC. We replicated evidence for mean differences in race/ethnicity, and associations with other PLE measures, greater internalizing symptoms, cognitive impairments, and developmental milestone delays. These findings indicate robust and reliable associations between PLEs and hypothesized correlates can be found in middle childhood nonclinical samples.
心理学和精神病学领域越来越认识到重复研究的重要性。本研究旨在重复先前的研究结果，使用青少年大脑认知发展（ABCD）样本的独立子集，检验童年中期一种类精神病体验（PLEs）测量工具的结构效度和心理测量特性。我们使用了7013名9至11岁且数据完整的儿童的剩余基线样本，检验了种族/民族和性别的测量不变性，并检验了前驱问卷简版儿童版（PQ-BC）与PLEs的其他测量工具、内化症状、神经心理测试表现以及发育里程碑之间的关联，以确定先前获得的结果是否能在这个不重叠的基线样本子集中得到重复。结果重复了种族和性别间的测量不变性，分析再次发现非裔美国儿童（β = 0.364，95%置信区间 = 0.292，0.435）和西班牙裔儿童（β = 0.255，95%置信区间 = 0.185，0.324）的PQ-BC得分更高。我们还重复发现，较高的PQ-BC得分与精神病风险测量工具、儿童报告的内化症状较高发生率（痛苦：β = 0.378，95%置信区间 = 0.357，0.398）、神经心理测试表现缺陷（如工作记忆；痛苦：β = -0.069，95%置信区间 = -0.096，-0.042）以及运动（痛苦：β = 0.026，95%置信区间 = 0.003，0.049）和言语（痛苦：β = 0.042，95%置信区间 = 0.018，0.065）发育里程碑延迟相关。当前结果重复了原研究中许多关于PQ-BC的发现。我们重复了种族/民族平均差异的证据，以及与其他PLE测量工具、更多内化症状、认知障碍和发育里程碑延迟之间的关联。这些发现表明，在童年中期非临床样本中可以发现PLEs与假设相关因素之间强大且可靠的关联。
