Varma Rahul, Vasudevan Sugumar
Department of Oceanography and Coastal Area Studies, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamilnadu, India.
ACS Omega. 2020 Aug 6;5(32):20224-20230. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01903. eCollection 2020 Aug 18.
Chitin and chitosan have been proved to have enormous applications in biomedical, pharmaceutical, and industrial fields. The horse mussel, , a refuse of the fishery industries at Thondi, is a reserve of rich chitin. The aim of this work is to extract chitosan from the horse mussel and its further characterization using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), micro-Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and elemental analysis. The result of FTIR studies revealed different functional groups of organic compounds such as out-of-plane bending (564 cm), C-O-C stretching (711 cm), and CH stretching (1174 cm) in chitosan. The degree of acetylation of the extracted chitosan was observed to be 57.43%, which makes it suitable as a biopolymer for biomedical applications. Prominent peaks observed with micro-Raman studies were at 484 cm (14,264 counts/s), 2138 cm (45,061 counts/s), and 2447 cm (45,636 counts/s). XRD studies showed the crystalline nature of the polymer, and the maximum peak was observed at 20.04°. Elemental analysis showed a considerable decrease in the percentage of nitrogen and carbon upon the conversion of chitin to chitosan, while chitosan had a higher percentage of hydrogen and sulfur. The antibacterial activities of chitosan from the horse mussel were found to be efficient at a 200 μg/mL concentration against all the bacterial strains tested with a comparatively higher antibacterial activity against (9 mm) and (8 mm).
几丁质和壳聚糖已被证明在生物医学、制药和工业领域有广泛应用。马贻贝是通迪渔业的废弃物，是丰富几丁质的储备来源。本研究旨在从马贻贝中提取壳聚糖，并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、显微拉曼光谱、X射线衍射（XRD）和元素分析对其进行进一步表征。FTIR研究结果揭示了壳聚糖中有机化合物的不同官能团，如面外弯曲（564 cm）、C-O-C伸缩（711 cm）和CH伸缩（1174 cm）。提取的壳聚糖的乙酰化程度为57.43%，这使其适合作为生物医学应用的生物聚合物。显微拉曼研究中观察到的显著峰位于484 cm（14,264计数/秒）、2138 cm（45,061计数/秒）和2447 cm（45,636计数/秒）。XRD研究表明了聚合物的结晶性质，在20.04°处观察到最大峰。元素分析表明，几丁质转化为壳聚糖后，氮和碳的百分比显著降低，而壳聚糖的氢和硫百分比更高。发现来自马贻贝的壳聚糖在200μg/mL浓度下对所有测试细菌菌株均具有抗菌活性，对[具体细菌1]（9 mm）和[具体细菌2]（8 mm）具有相对较高的抗菌活性。
