Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Women's Health and HIV Research Group, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020 Aug 12;10:413. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00413. eCollection 2020.
The existence and role of the microbiome in regulating physiological and pathophysiological conditions including metabolism, energy homeostasis, immune tolerance, behavior, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular-related diseases is of immense interest. It is now clear that the human placenta is not sterile, but rather colonized with microbes. The placental and vaginal microbiomes are distinct however, the placental microbiome is comparable with the oral microbiome, with a limited variation when compared with the gut microbiome. Pre-eclampsia (PE), a pregnancy-specific hypertensive disorder, remains the leading cause of maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality. This is largely due to the lack of a clear etiology of PE and consequently, diagnostic strategies, and treatment are sub-optimal. The present review focuses on the current understanding of the placental microbiome and its implication in the etiology of PE. It provides a perspective on the alteration of placental microbiome as a possible therapeutic approach in the prevention and management of PE.
微生物组在调节生理和病理生理状况（包括代谢、能量平衡、免疫耐受、行为、肥胖、糖尿病和心血管相关疾病）中的存在和作用引起了极大的关注。现在已经清楚的是，人类胎盘并非无菌的，而是被微生物定植。胎盘和阴道微生物组是不同的，然而，胎盘微生物组与口腔微生物组相似，与肠道微生物组相比，其变化有限。子痫前期（PE）是一种特定于妊娠的高血压疾病，仍然是母婴发病率和死亡率的主要原因。这主要是由于缺乏明确的 PE 病因，因此诊断策略和治疗方法并不理想。本综述重点介绍了对胎盘微生物组的现有认识及其在 PE 病因学中的意义。它提供了一个视角，即改变胎盘微生物组作为预防和管理 PE 的一种可能的治疗方法。
