Head of the Department of Gastroenterology, Consultant in GI Oncology, Hopital Henri Mondor, APHP. Créteil-France; Head of the Research Team EC2M3, Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC) , Créteil, France.
Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Henri Mondor, APHP. Créteil-France; Member of Research Team EC2M3, Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC) . Créteil, France.
Gut Microbes. 2020 Nov 9;12(1):1800898. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1800898.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer deaths in men and women combined. Colon-tumor growth is multistage and the result of the accumulation of spontaneous mutations and epigenetic events that silence tumor-suppressor genes and activate oncogenes. Environmental factors are primary contributors to these somatic gene alterations, which account for the increase in incidence of CRC in western countries. In recent decades, gut microbiota and their metabolites have been recognized as essential contributing factors to CRC, and now serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC. In the present review, we highlight holistic approaches to understanding how gut microbiota contributes to CRC. We particularly focus herein on bacteria-related changes in host DNA methylation and the risk for CRC.
结直肠癌（CRC）是男性和女性癌症死亡的第二大常见原因。结肠肿瘤的生长是多阶段的，是自发突变和表观遗传事件积累的结果，这些事件会沉默肿瘤抑制基因并激活癌基因。环境因素是导致这些体细胞基因突变的主要因素，这也是西方国家 CRC 发病率增加的原因。近几十年来，肠道微生物群及其代谢物已被认为是 CRC 的重要致病因素，现在可作为 CRC 诊断和预后的生物标志物。在本综述中，我们强调了全面了解肠道微生物群如何促进 CRC 的方法。我们特别关注与宿主 DNA 甲基化和 CRC 风险相关的细菌相关变化。
