Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 214062, Wuxi, PR China.
Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, PR China.
Hypertens Res. 2021 Feb;44(2):129-146. doi: 10.1038/s41440-020-00553-6. Epub 2020 Sep 23.
Hypertension is a multifactorial disorder that involves complex genetic and environmental factors. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are important components of blood vessels, and their dysregulation has been shown to be involved in vascular remodeling during the development of systemic hypertension and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) via multiple mechanisms, such as aberrant apoptosis, phenotype conversion, proliferation, and migration of VSMCs. With increasing advances in microarrays and next-generation sequencing, nonprotein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have attracted much attention due to their numerous functions in health and diseases. Among ncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs are emerging as novel modulators in the biological behaviors of VSMCs, especially in systemic hypertension and PAH. Studies have recommended miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circular RNAs as predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for systemic hypertension and PAH. In this review, we summarize the current studies focusing on the roles of VSMC-derived miRNAs, lncRNAs and circular RNAs in the pathologies of systemic hypertension and PAH. MiRNAs, lncRNAs, and circular RNAs might serve as attractive targets for the prevention and treatment of VSMC dysfunction-linked systemic hypertension and PAH.
高血压是一种涉及复杂遗传和环境因素的多因素疾病。血管平滑肌细胞（VSMCs）是血管的重要组成部分，其功能失调已被证明通过多种机制参与系统性高血压和肺动脉高压（PAH）的血管重塑，例如 VSMCs 的异常凋亡、表型转换、增殖和迁移。随着微阵列和下一代测序技术的不断进步，由于非编码 RNA（ncRNA）在健康和疾病中的多种功能，它们引起了广泛关注。在 ncRNA 中，微小 RNA（miRNA）、长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）和环状 RNA 作为 VSMCs 生物学行为的新型调节剂而崭露头角，特别是在系统性高血压和 PAH 中。研究表明，miRNA、lncRNA 和环状 RNA 可作为系统性高血压和 PAH 的预测生物标志物和治疗靶点。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前关于 VSMC 来源的 miRNA、lncRNA 和环状 RNA 在系统性高血压和 PAH 病理中的作用的研究。miRNA、lncRNA 和环状 RNA 可能成为预防和治疗与 VSMC 功能障碍相关的系统性高血压和 PAH 的有吸引力的靶点。
