Department of Sport Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Institute of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Physiother Theory Pract. 2022 Aug;38(8):1059-1070. doi: 10.1080/09593985.2020.1818341. Epub 2020 Sep 29.
The Kerlan-Jobe Orthopedic Clinic Shoulder and Elbow Score (KJOC) originally developed in English, assesses the functional status of the shoulder and elbow in overhead athletes. To date, no German version of the questionnaire exists.
The aim of the study was to translate and to culturally adapt the KJOC into German (KJOC-G) and to test its psychometric properties.
The first part of the study consisted of a translation and cross-cultural adaptation process which was performed in six stages according to international recommendations: Initial translations, synthesis, back translations, expert committee review, pretesting of the prefinal version, and final adaptations. Secondly, reliability, validity, and feasibility of the KJOC-G were assessed in German overhead athletes.
The translation and adaptation process led to minor alterations due to cultural differences while maintaining the general structure and content of the original score. A total of 152 overhead athletes (age 25.0 ± 6.6 years; 87 men/65 women) were included in the main analyses. The internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.93) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.94) of the overall questionnaire were excellent. Moderate correlations with the German version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire (r = -0.51, < .05) as well as the DASH-sports module (r = -0.54, < .05) suggest moderate construct validity. Known-group method analysis showed the ability of the KJOC-G to discriminate between actively playing symptomatic (score: 71.2 ± 16.0) and asymptomatic (score: 93.1 ± 8.7) athletes.
The KJOC-G score is valid, reliable, and suitable for assessing the functional shoulder and elbow status in German-speaking overhead athletes.
Kerlan-Jobe 骨科诊所肩肘评分（KJOC）最初是用英文开发的，用于评估上肢运动员的肩肘功能状态。迄今为止，还没有德文版的问卷。
本研究旨在将 KJOC 翻译成德文（KJOC-G）并进行文化调适，并测试其心理测量学特性。
研究的第一部分包括根据国际建议进行的翻译和跨文化调适过程，共分为六个阶段：初始翻译、合成、回译、专家委员会审查、预测试前终稿和最终调适。其次，在德国上肢运动员中评估 KJOC-G 的可靠性、有效性和可行性。
由于文化差异，翻译和调适过程导致了一些细微的改变，但保持了原始评分的总体结构和内容。共有 152 名上肢运动员（年龄 25.0 ± 6.6 岁；87 名男性/65 名女性）纳入主要分析。整个问卷的内部一致性（Cronbach's alpha = 0.93）和重测信度（ICC = 0.94）均非常好。与德国版手臂、肩部和手部残疾问卷（DASH）（r = -0.51， <.05）以及 DASH-sports 模块（r = -0.54， <.05）的中度相关性表明具有中度结构效度。已知组间方法分析表明，KJOC-G 能够区分有症状（得分：71.2 ± 16.0）和无症状（得分：93.1 ± 8.7）运动员。
KJOC-G 评分在评估德语上肢运动员的肩部和肘部功能状态方面具有有效性、可靠性和适用性。
