High-level resistance to aminoglycosides and ampicillin among clinical isolates of species in an Iranian referral hospital.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Nowadays, high-level aminoglycosides and ampicillin resistant species are among the most common causes of nosocomial infections. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of high-level resistance to aminoglycosides and ampicillin among clinical isolates of species in Ardabil, Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In this cross-sectional study, a total of 111 species were collected from different clinical specimens between 2013 and 2015. species were identified using standard phenotypic and genotypic methods. BHI agar screen and agar dilution methods were used for detection of high-level gentamicin and streptomycin resistance (HLGR and HLSR) and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ampicillin, respectively.

RESULTS

Of 111 clinical isolates, 59 (53.2%) and 25 (22.5%) isolates were and , respectively, based on the PCR results. Totally, 60.3% and 56.7% of isolates were HLGR and HLSR, respectively, as well as 51.35% were HLGR plus HLSR. Among HLGR isolates, 36 (61.01%), 18 (72%) and 13 (48.14%) were and non- non- species, respectively. Among HLSR isolates, 33 (55.93%), 16 (64%) and 14 (51.85%) were and non- non- species, respectively. All HLGR isolates contained gene. Overall, the prevalence of high-level ampicillin resistance among species was 17.1%. For and non- non- species, ampicillin resistance rates were as follows: 11 (40.74%), 7 (28%) and 1 (1.69%), respectively. For aminoglycoside antibiotics, the resistance rate was significantly higher in isolates and for ampicillin it was higher in isolates.

CONCLUSION

The frequency of high-level aminoglycoside resistant enterococcal isolates in our hospital was high and significant ampicillin resistance was noticed. This would require routine testing of enterococcal isolates for HLAR and ampicillin susceptibility.