Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brazil.
National Institute of Science and Technology on Behavior, Cognition and Teaching (INCT-ECCE), Brazil.
J Exp Anal Behav. 2020 Nov;114(3):291-307. doi: 10.1002/jeab.628. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
Coordinated responses of 5 dyads of rats were investigated under fixed-ratio (FR) schedules of mutual water reinforcement. Coordinated responding was defined as 2 consecutive lever-presses, 1 from each of 2 rats, occurring <.5 s apart. In the FR schedules, each coordinated episode was defined as 1 response in the FR sequence. The size of FR schedules was parametrically manipulated assuming the values of FR 1, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 50, and 9, in this order. Each FR remained in effect until responding reached stability. Under all conditions, pairs of rats received access to water simultaneously (mutual reinforcement). Rates and proportions of coordinated responding showed a bitonic inverted U-shaped function of ratio size. Postreinforcement pauses increased systematically as the interreinforcement interval increased. Local rates and proportions increased as a function of response location within ratios. Results of a control condition with relaxed temporal constraints for mutual reinforcement showed decreases in rates and proportion of coordinated responses, suggesting that the coordinated responses were controlled by the mutual reinforcement contingencies. The present experiment showed that coordinated responding is quantitatively affected by 3 properties of FR schedules: response requirement, reinforcement rates, and proximity to reinforcement.
在互添水的固定比例（FR）强化程序下，研究了 5 对大鼠的协调反应。协调反应被定义为 2 只大鼠中的每只大鼠连续按 2 次杠杆，间隔时间<.5 秒。在 FR 程序中，每个协调事件被定义为 FR 序列中的 1 次反应。假设 FR 值分别为 1、6、12、18、24、30、50 和 9，FR 大小以参数方式进行操作。每个 FR 一直有效，直到反应达到稳定。在所有条件下，大鼠对同时获得水（互添水）。协调反应的速率和比例呈比率大小的倒 U 形双峰值函数。随着间隔时间的增加，强化后暂停时间系统地增加。局部速率和比例随比率内反应位置的变化而增加。在互添水强化的时间限制放宽的控制条件下的结果表明，协调反应的速率和比例降低，表明协调反应受到互添水强化条件的控制。本实验表明，协调反应受到 FR 程序的 3 个属性的定量影响：反应要求、强化率和接近强化。
