Eassa Heba A, Eltokhy Mohamed A, Fayyaz Heba A, Khalifa Maha K A, Shawky Seham, Helal Nada A, Eassa Hadeer A, Youssef Shams F, Latz Isabel K, Nounou Mohamed Ismail
Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, AL-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651 Egypt (H.A.E., M.K.A.K., S.S.), Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, 12598 Egypt (M.A.E.), Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt (H.A.F., S.F.Y.), Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, TX 79968 (N.A.H.), Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute- University of Sadat City, 32958, Egypt (H.A.E.), Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, TX 79968 (I.K.L.), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Physician Assistant Studies, University of Saint Joseph, Hartford, CT 06103 (M.I.N.).
J Cosmet Sci. 2020 Sep/Oct;71(5):321-350.
Aging is a natural phenomenon that affects the whole body, including the skin. As we age, endogenous and exogenous factors cause our skin to become thinner, paler, and wrinkled. Although the underlying mechanisms of the pathogenesis of skin aging are not entirely known, multiple pathways have been proposed. Inflammaging has recently emerged as a pathway that correlates aging and age-related diseases with inflammation. This review discusses the role and pathways of inflammaging that lead to skin aging. Moreover, strategies and current topical approaches for skin-aging treatment are discussed. Studies over the past 10 years suggested that DNA damage and oxidative stress are the most critical mechanisms in skin aging, and both are interlinked with inflammaging. Several treatments for skin aging have been considered such as antioxidants, hormone replacement therapy, and vitamins. To deliver anti-aging agents topically, researchers adopted numerous approaches to enhance skin penetration including physical, chemical, or biomaterial enhancers and carrier-based formulations. In recent years, consumers' demands for anti-aging products have considerably risen, leading to robust growth in the anti-aging market. Therefore, further in-depth studies are necessary to understand skin-aging mechanisms and evaluate the efficacy of anti-aging products to protect consumers worldwide by providing them safe and effective over-the-counter skin-aging formulations.
衰老是一种影响全身包括皮肤的自然现象。随着年龄增长，内源性和外源性因素会导致我们的皮肤变薄、变苍白并出现皱纹。尽管皮肤衰老发病机制的潜在机制尚未完全明确，但已提出多种途径。炎症衰老最近作为一种将衰老及与年龄相关的疾病与炎症联系起来的途径而出现。本综述讨论了导致皮肤衰老的炎症衰老的作用和途径。此外，还讨论了皮肤衰老治疗的策略和当前的局部治疗方法。过去10年的研究表明，DNA损伤和氧化应激是皮肤衰老中最关键的机制，且两者都与炎症衰老相互关联。已考虑了几种皮肤衰老的治疗方法，如抗氧化剂、激素替代疗法和维生素。为了局部递送抗衰老剂，研究人员采用了多种方法来增强皮肤渗透性，包括物理、化学或生物材料增强剂以及基于载体的制剂。近年来，消费者对抗衰老产品的需求大幅上升，导致抗衰老市场强劲增长。因此，有必要进行进一步深入研究，以了解皮肤衰老机制并评估抗衰老产品的功效，从而通过为全球消费者提供安全有效的非处方皮肤衰老制剂来保护他们。
