Granz Cornelia Larissa, Gorji Ali
Epilepsy Research Center, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster 48149, Germany.
World J Stem Cells. 2020 Sep 26;12(9):897-921. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i9.897.
Dental stem cells (DSCs) are self-renewable cells that can be obtained easily from dental tissues, and are a desirable source of autologous stem cells. The use of DSCs for stem cell transplantation therapeutic approaches is attractive due to their simple isolation, high plasticity, immunomodulatory properties, and multipotential abilities. Using appropriate scaffolds loaded with favorable biomolecules, such as growth factors, and cytokines, can improve the proliferation, differentiation, migration, and functional capacity of DSCs and can optimize the cellular morphology to build tissue constructs for specific purposes. An enormous variety of scaffolds have been used for tissue engineering with DSCs. Of these, the scaffolds that particularly mimic tissue-specific micromilieu and loaded with biomolecules favorably regulate angiogenesis, cell-matrix interactions, degradation of extracellular matrix, organized matrix formation, and the mineralization abilities of DSCs in both and conditions. DSCs represent a promising cell source for tissue engineering, especially for tooth, bone, and neural tissue restoration. The purpose of the present review is to summarize the current developments in the major scaffolding approaches as crucial guidelines for tissue engineering using DSCs and compare their effects in tissue and organ regeneration.
牙干细胞（DSCs）是一类可自我更新的细胞，能够轻易地从牙齿组织中获取，并且是自体干细胞的理想来源。由于其分离简便、可塑性高、具有免疫调节特性和多能性，将DSCs用于干细胞移植治疗方法颇具吸引力。使用负载有利生物分子（如生长因子和细胞因子）的合适支架，可改善DSCs的增殖、分化、迁移和功能能力，并能优化细胞形态以构建特定用途的组织构建体。已有各种各样的支架用于DSCs的组织工程。其中，特别模拟组织特异性微环境并负载生物分子的支架，能在体内和体外条件下良好地调节血管生成、细胞 - 基质相互作用、细胞外基质降解、有组织的基质形成以及DSCs的矿化能力。DSCs是组织工程中一种很有前景的细胞来源，尤其适用于牙齿、骨骼和神经组织修复。本综述的目的是总结主要支架方法的当前进展，作为使用DSCs进行组织工程的关键指南，并比较它们在组织和器官再生中的作用。
