Dimkić Ivica, Petrović Marija, Gavrilović Milan, Gašić Uroš, Ristivojević Petar, Stanković Slaviša, Janaćković Peđa
Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia.
AMB Express. 2020 Oct 12;10(1):183. doi: 10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5.
Ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological studies of many Centaurea species indicated their potential in folk medicine so far. However, investigations of different Centaurea calcitrapa L. extracts in terms of cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity against phytopathogens are generally scarce. The phenolic profile and broad antimicrobial activity (especially towards bacterial phytopathogens) of methanol (MeOH), 70% ethanol (EtOH), ethyl-acetate (EtOAc), 50% acetone (MeCO) and dichloromethane: methanol (DCM: MeOH, 1: 1) extracts of C. calcitrapa leaves and their potential toxicity on MRC-5 cell line were investigated for the first time. A total of 55 phenolic compounds were identified: 30 phenolic acids and their derivatives, 25 flavonoid glycosides and aglycones. This is also the first report of the presence of centaureidin, jaceidin, kaempferide, nepetin, flavonoid glycosides, phenolic acids and their esters in C. calcitrapa extracts. The best results were obtained with EtOAc extract with lowest MIC values expressed in µg/mL ranging from 13 to 25, while methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus was the most susceptible strain. The most susceptible phytopathogens were Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The highest cytotoxicity was recorded for EtOAc and MeCO extracts with the lowest relative and absolute IC values between 88 and 102 µg/mL, while EtOH extract was the least toxic with predicted relative IC value of 1578 µg/mL. Our results indicate that all tested extracts at concentration considered as non-toxic can be one of great importance in combat towards phytopathogenic and human pathogenic strains, as well as natural sources of antimicrobials.
到目前为止，许多矢车菊属植物的民族植物学和民族药理学研究表明它们在民间医学中具有潜力。然而，关于不同刺果矢车菊提取物对植物病原体的细胞毒性和抗菌活性的研究普遍较少。首次研究了刺果矢车菊叶片的甲醇（MeOH）、70%乙醇（EtOH）、乙酸乙酯（EtOAc）、50%丙酮（MeCO）和二氯甲烷：甲醇（DCM：MeOH，1:1）提取物的酚类成分和广泛的抗菌活性（尤其是对细菌性植物病原体）及其对MRC-5细胞系的潜在毒性。共鉴定出55种酚类化合物：30种酚酸及其衍生物、25种黄酮苷和苷元。这也是首次报道刺果矢车菊提取物中存在矢车菊定、雅西定、山柰酚、尼泊尔黄酮素、黄酮苷、酚酸及其酯类。乙酸乙酯提取物的效果最佳，最低抑菌浓度（MIC）值以μg/mL计，范围为13至25，而耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌是最敏感的菌株。最敏感的植物病原体是丁香假单胞菌丁香致病变种、野油菜黄单胞菌野油菜致病变种和根癌土壤杆菌。乙酸乙酯和丙酮提取物的细胞毒性最高，相对和绝对半数抑制浓度（IC）值最低，在88至102μg/mL之间，而乙醇提取物毒性最小，预测相对IC值为1578μg/mL。我们的结果表明，所有测试提取物在被认为无毒的浓度下，对于对抗植物致病和人类致病菌株以及作为抗菌剂的天然来源可能具有重要意义。
