Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Infancy. 2020 Nov;25(6):952-972. doi: 10.1111/infa.12369. Epub 2020 Oct 16.
Research examining mother-infant interactions indicates a close connection between vocal and gaze behavior. The present longitudinal study examined the development of both intraindividual and dyadic coordination of vocal and gaze behavior in mother-infant dyads at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Mother and infant vocalization and gaze behavior during in-home toy play interactions were coded on a moment-by-moment basis and coordinations (i.e., co-occurrences and sequences of behavior) were compared to randomized baselines in order to determine whether coordinate exceeded chance levels. Infants timed their own vocalizations with gaze to partner's face and inhibited vocalizations during gaze to objects at greater than chance levels across the first year. Mother's displayed above-chance intraindividual coordination of vocalizations and gaze to partner's face and objects. Mothers and infants demonstrated dyadic coordination of vocalizations and gaze at above-chance levels, but developmental change and leading-following dynamics varied based on gaze location (i.e., face vs. object). Results emphasize the importance of examining coordination across communication modalities and of considering bidirectional influences on mother and infant vocal and gaze behavior.
研究表明母婴互动中的声音和眼神行为之间存在密切联系。本纵向研究在婴儿 3、6、9 和 12 个月时，考察了母婴互动中个体内和双元声音和眼神行为的协调性发展。在家庭玩具游戏互动中，母亲和婴儿的发声和眼神行为是逐刻编码的，协调（即行为的同时出现和序列）与随机基线进行比较，以确定协调是否超过了机会水平。婴儿在整个第一年中，根据同伴的面部表情调整自己的发声时间，并在注视物体时抑制发声，超过了随机水平。母亲表现出了高于平均水平的个体内声音和眼神对同伴面部和物体的协调性。母亲和婴儿的发声和眼神协调表现出高于平均水平的双元协调，但基于注视位置（即面部与物体），发展变化和主导跟随动态存在差异。研究结果强调了跨沟通模式考察协调以及考虑母婴声音和眼神行为的双向影响的重要性。
