The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Biomed Res Int. 2020 Oct 5;2020:9896743. doi: 10.1155/2020/9896743. eCollection 2020.
As a metabolite generated by gut microbiota, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) has been proven to promote atherosclerosis and is a novel potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The objective of this study was to examine whether regulating gut microbiota by vitamin D supplementation could reduce the plasma TMAO level in mice. For 16 weeks, C57BL/6J mice were fed a chow (C) or high-choline diet (HC) without or with supplementation of vitamin D (CD3 and HCD3) or a high-choline diet with vitamin D supplementation and antibiotics (HCD3A). The results indicate that the HC group exhibited higher plasma trimethylamine (TMA) and TMAO levels, lower richness of gut microbiota, and significantly increased Firmicutes and decreased Bacteroidetes as compared with group C. Vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced plasma TMA and TMAO levels in mice fed a high-choline diet. Furthermore, gut microbiota composition was regulated, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was reduced by vitamin D. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that and were negatively correlated with plasma TMAO in the HC and HCD3 groups. Our study provides a novel avenue for the prevention and treatment of CVD with vitamin D.
作为肠道微生物群产生的一种代谢物，三甲胺 N-氧化物（TMAO）已被证明可促进动脉粥样硬化，是心血管疾病（CVD）的一种新的潜在危险因素。本研究旨在研究通过维生素 D 补充来调节肠道微生物群是否可以降低小鼠的血浆 TMAO 水平。在 16 周的时间里，C57BL/6J 小鼠分别喂食标准饮食（C）或高胆碱饮食（HC），或补充维生素 D（CD3 和 HCD3），或补充维生素 D 和抗生素的高胆碱饮食（HCD3A）。结果表明，与 C 组相比，HC 组的血浆三甲胺（TMA）和 TMAO 水平更高，肠道微生物群的丰富度更低，厚壁菌门显著增加，拟杆菌门减少。维生素 D 补充可显著降低高胆碱饮食喂养的小鼠的血浆 TMA 和 TMAO 水平。此外，维生素 D 还可调节肠道微生物群的组成，并降低 Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes 比值。Spearman 相关性分析表明，在 HC 和 HCD3 组中，和与血浆 TMAO 呈负相关。本研究为维生素 D 预防和治疗 CVD 提供了新的途径。
