El-Bali Mohammed A, Abdulhakim Abdulhafid, Mohamed Raafat T, El-Malky Mohamed A, Bakri Rowaida A, Al-Harthi Saeed A
Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm AL-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, El-Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt.
J Parasit Dis. 2020 Dec;44(4):694-701. doi: 10.1007/s12639-020-01247-z. Epub 2020 Jul 27.
sp. is a group of anaerobic protozoa parasitizing the gastrointestinal tract of humans and a broad variety of animals. Evidences of parasites resistance development to antiprotozoal drugs urge the exploration of new therapeutics. Antiprotozoal potential of , a medicinal plant traditionally used for oral hygiene, was evaluated in vitro against sp. human isolates. Until now, no study has described the effect of . extracts on this parasitic protozoa. sp. positive stool samples collected from patients with gastrointestinal complaints and asymptomatic individuals diagnosed by microscopy were furthermore cultured in vitro and characterized by PCR and multiplex-PCR using sequence-tagged-site primers to determine their subtypes. Out of 21 sp. isolates, five were determined as ST1, 14 as ST3, and two as ST5 subtypes. Antiprotozoal activity of untreated and heat-treated . roots aqueous extracts was evaluated in vitro by serial dilutions on three sp. subtypes; ST1, ST3, and ST5 isolated from symptomatic patients. A significant killing activity was observed with both, untreated and heat-treated aqueous extracts of . at minimal concentration of 2.5 μl/ml compared to parasites' growth controls ( < 0.05). Maximal antiprotozoal effect was reached at a concentration of 20 µl/ml of . aqueous extract. Means of growth inhibition effect obtained with untreated and heat-treated extracts at 40 µl/ml against the three subtypes of sp. were 80% (SD 2.3) and 82% (SD 1.1), respectively. No significant difference was observed in the inhibitory effect of . extracts between the three sp. subtypes. Aqueous extract of . roots contains therefore heat-stable components with significant antiprotozoal activity against sp. subtypes ST1, ST3, and ST5 in vitro. Further investigations are required to determine and characterize the active antiprotozoal components of . roots and their evaluation in vivo.
某属是一群寄生于人类和多种动物胃肠道的厌氧原生动物。寄生虫对抗原生动物药物产生抗性的证据促使人们探索新的治疗方法。一种传统上用于口腔卫生的药用植物对某属的抗原生动物潜力进行了体外评估，以对抗某属的人类分离株。到目前为止，尚无研究描述该植物提取物对这种寄生原生动物的影响。从有胃肠道不适症状的患者和经显微镜诊断为无症状个体中收集的某属阳性粪便样本，进一步进行体外培养，并使用序列标签位点引物通过PCR和多重PCR进行鉴定，以确定其亚型。在21株某属分离株中，5株被确定为ST1亚型，14株为ST3亚型，2株为ST5亚型。通过对从有症状患者中分离出的ST1、ST3和ST5这三种某属亚型进行系列稀释，体外评估了未经处理和热处理的该植物根水提取物的抗原生动物活性。与寄生虫生长对照相比，在最低浓度为2.5μl/ml时，观察到未经处理和热处理的该植物水提取物均具有显著的杀伤活性（P<0.05）。在该植物水提取物浓度为20μl/ml时达到最大抗原生动物效果。未经处理和热处理的提取物在40μl/ml时对某属三种亚型的生长抑制作用平均值分别为80%（标准差2.3）和82%（标准差1.1）。在该植物提取物对某属三种亚型的抑制作用之间未观察到显著差异。因此，该植物根水提取物含有热稳定成分，在体外对某属亚型ST1、ST3和ST5具有显著的抗原生动物活性。需要进一步研究来确定和表征该植物根的活性抗原生动物成分及其体内评估。
