Health, Economy, Motricity and Education (HEME) Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, Caceres 10003, Spain.
UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia 30107, Spain; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia 30107, Spain.
J Sport Health Sci. 2022 Jan;11(1):115-122. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.11.003. Epub 2020 Nov 11.
Football is the most practised sport in the world and is associated with the risk of injuries in the players. Some studies have been published that identify injury prevention programs, but there is no review of the full body of evidence on injury prevention programs for use by football coaches. The aim of this article was to carry out a systematic review of published studies on injury prevention programs for adult male footballers, identify points of common understanding and establish recommendations that should be considered in the design of injury prevention strategies.
PubMed and EMBASE databases were used to identify relevant published articles using the following keywords: "soccer" AND "injury" AND "prevention".
A total of 2512 studies were identified initially, but only 11 studies met the inclusion criteria, and their outcomes are presented. Results revealed that injury prevention programs in football have focused on strength training, proprioceptive training, multicomponent programs (balance, core stability, and functional strength and mobility), and warm-up programs.
Based on results from the studies analyzed, football players can lower the incidence of match and training injuries by participating in dynamic warm-up programs that include preventive exercises before games or during training sessions, and by adding strength, balance, and mobility training to the training sessions.
足球是世界上参与人数最多的运动，其参与者存在受伤的风险。一些研究已经确定了一些损伤预防方案，但没有对足球教练使用的完整损伤预防方案证据进行综述。本文旨在对已发表的成年男性足球运动员损伤预防方案进行系统综述，确定共识要点，并提出应在损伤预防策略设计中考虑的建议。
使用以下关键词在 PubMed 和 EMBASE 数据库中检索相关已发表文章：“足球”和“损伤”和“预防”。
最初共确定了 2512 项研究，但只有 11 项研究符合纳入标准，其结果如下。结果表明，足球损伤预防方案主要集中在力量训练、本体感受训练、多组分方案（平衡、核心稳定性和功能性力量和活动度）和热身方案。
根据分析的研究结果，足球运动员可以通过参与包括比赛前或训练期间的预防性练习的动态热身方案，以及在训练中增加力量、平衡和活动度训练，降低比赛和训练中的损伤发生率。
