Schrader S M, Ratcliffe J M, Turner T W, Hornung R W
Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Science, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH.
J Occup Med. 1987 Dec;29(12):963-6.
Increasing attention has been paid to the use of semen analysis as an indicator of exposure to potential mutagenic and reproductive hazards. In the infertility clinic setting, semen evaluations include the measurement of sperm concentration, volume, pH, motility, velocity and morphology, the analysis of seminal plasma to evaluate accessory sex gland function and, in some cases, the in vitro evaluation of fertilization capacity and sperm-cervical mucus interaction (Ann Intern Med 1985;103:906-919). To date, however, the study of semen characteristics of occupationally exposed populations has been confined principally to the measurement of sperm concentration and sperm morphology. This has been largely due to the unavailability of portable equipment suitable for the measurement of other semen characteristics and the difficulty of obtaining fresh semen samples in the field setting. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health researchers have developed mobile laboratory facilities which enable us to evaluate fresh samples, in the field, for semen characteristics in addition to concentration and morphology. This paper describes the application of these methods using the example of our recent cross-sectional study of workers occupationally exposed to ethylene dibromide in the papaya fumigation industry. We discuss our findings in the context of the usefulness of semen analysis as an indicator of occupational hazards to male reproduction.
精液分析作为接触潜在诱变和生殖危害指标的应用已受到越来越多的关注。在不孕不育门诊环境中，精液评估包括精子浓度、体积、pH值、活力、速度和形态的测定，精浆分析以评估附属性腺功能，在某些情况下，还包括体外受精能力和精子与宫颈黏液相互作用的评估（《内科学年鉴》1985年；103:906 - 919）。然而，迄今为止，对职业暴露人群精液特征的研究主要局限于精子浓度和精子形态的测定。这主要是由于缺乏适用于测量其他精液特征的便携式设备，以及在现场环境中获取新鲜精液样本存在困难。美国国家职业安全与健康研究所的研究人员开发了移动实验室设施，使我们能够在现场除了评估精子浓度和形态外，还能评估新鲜样本的其他精液特征。本文以我们最近对番木瓜熏蒸行业中职业接触1,2 - 二溴乙烷的工人进行的横断面研究为例，描述了这些方法的应用。我们在精液分析作为男性生殖职业危害指标的有用性背景下讨论了我们的研究结果。
