López-Gil José Francisco, Brazo-Sayavera Javier, de Campos Wagner, Yuste Lucas Juan Luis
Departamento de Actividad Física y Deporte, Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Murcia (UM), 30720 San Javier, Spain.
Department of Sports and Computer Science, Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), 41013 Seville, Spain.
Children (Basel). 2020 Nov 28;7(12):263. doi: 10.3390/children7120263.
The up-to-date scientific evidence suggests that adequate levels of physical activity provide essential health benefits for children and adolescents and help to maintain a healthy body weight. In this sense, children and adolescents should at least accumulate 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in a daily basis to achieve these benefits and be considered active. Likewise, some lifestyle-related elements may interact with each other in an antagonistic or synergistic way to modify physical activity status. Thus, a better understanding of how meeting physical activity recommendations influences these potentially modifiable lifestyle factors (obesity-related parameters, physical fitness, dietary habits, or sedentary behaviour) would significantly reinforce the importance of complying with those recommendations from a health perspective and support the establishment of strategies for the promotion of diminishing the lower trends of physical activity among the young population. This study seeks to verify the association of meeting physical activity international recommendations with obesity-related parameters, global physical fitness, screen time, and Mediterranean diet in Spanish schoolchildren aged 8 to 13. A cross-sectional study was performed including 250 schoolchildren (41.2% girls) aged 8-13 (9.7 ± 1.2) from six primary schools in the Region of Murcia (Spain). Results: A higher proportion of children who complying with physical activity recommendations shows normal weight, no abdominal obesity, and low adiposity in comparison to other with different obesity-related parameters categories. Higher values in global physical fitness score were found in those who meet the physical activity international recommendations in both sexes. These higher values were also shown for adherence to the Mediterranean diet in both sexes; not being so in the case of screen time. Notwithstanding, none of these mean differences were statistically significant. To conclude, the proportion of schoolchildren meeting the physical activity recommendations in our study is low. A higher proportion of children who meet with physical activity recommendations present normal weight, no abdominal obesity and low adiposity in comparison to other obesity-related parameters categories in both sexes. Likewise, those considered as active children seem to have higher global physical fitness score and adherence to the Mediterranean diet than children who do not meet the recommendations.
最新的科学证据表明，充足的体育活动对儿童和青少年的健康至关重要，有助于维持健康体重。从这个意义上说，儿童和青少年每天至少应累计60分钟的中度至剧烈体育活动，以获得这些益处并被视为积极活跃。同样，一些与生活方式相关的因素可能以拮抗或协同的方式相互作用，从而改变体育活动状况。因此，更好地了解达到体育活动建议如何影响这些潜在可改变的生活方式因素（与肥胖相关的参数、身体素质、饮食习惯或久坐行为），将从健康角度显著强化遵守这些建议的重要性，并支持制定促进减少年轻人群中体育活动较低趋势的策略。本研究旨在验证在西班牙8至13岁学童中，达到体育活动国际建议与肥胖相关参数、整体身体素质、屏幕使用时间和地中海饮食之间的关联。进行了一项横断面研究，纳入了来自西班牙穆尔西亚地区六所小学的250名8至13岁（平均年龄9.7±1.2岁）的学童（41.2%为女孩）。结果：与其他具有不同肥胖相关参数类别的儿童相比，达到体育活动建议标准的儿童中，体重正常、无腹部肥胖且肥胖程度较低的比例更高。在达到体育活动国际建议标准的男女学童中，整体身体素质得分更高。在遵守地中海饮食方面，男女学童也呈现出更高的数值；而在屏幕使用时间方面则不然。尽管如此，这些平均差异均无统计学意义。总之，在我们的研究中，达到体育活动建议标准的学童比例较低。与其他肥胖相关参数类别的男女儿童相比，达到体育活动建议标准的儿童中体重正常、无腹部肥胖且肥胖程度较低的比例更高。同样，被视为积极活跃的儿童似乎比未达到建议标准的儿童具有更高的整体身体素质得分和对地中海饮食的依从性。
