Moshobane Moleseng Claude, Bertero Alessia, Marks Carine, Stephen Cindy, Mothapo Natasha Palesa, Middleton Lorraine, Caloni Francesca
Department of Biological Invasions, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa.
Department of Biology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa.
Vet Rec Open. 2020 Nov 19;7(1):e000402. doi: 10.1136/vetreco-2020-000402. eCollection 2020.
There is extensive literature on animal poisoning from plants and mushrooms worldwide; however, there is limited account of poisoning from South Africa.
This study sought to describe and provide an overview of animal poison exposures in South Africa. Poisoning episodes reported to the Poisons Information Helpline of the Western Cape, jointly run by the Poisons Information Centres at the Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and Tygerberg Hospital over a period of approximately 2.5 years, from June 2015 to November 2017, were analysed to identify exposure patterns, severity and clinical outcomes.
Alien plant species accounted for most cases (n=10) of reported poison exposures. Among the 26 recorded animal poisoning episodes, the dog was the most commonly implicated species (n=24), whereas just two enquiries were related to other animals (one rabbit and one cow). There were 20 plant cases and 6 mushroom cases (all dogs). There was only one fatal case involving cycad in a dog.
Features of animal poisoning in South Africa were similar to those in other countries. The reported cases of animals exposed to poisonous plants and mushrooms could represent only a fraction of the actual exposures. Since most reported cases involved taxa that could not be identified to species level, more attention should be paid in case reporting and in animal poisoning prevention, engaging the public to enable people to recognise potentially hazardous plants and reduce the risk of poisoning in animals.
关于全球动植物和蘑菇导致动物中毒的文献众多；然而，南非中毒情况的记载有限。
本研究旨在描述并概述南非动物中毒暴露情况。分析了2015年6月至2017年11月期间，红十字战争纪念儿童医院和泰格堡医院毒物信息中心联合运营的西开普毒物信息热线接到的中毒事件报告，以确定暴露模式、严重程度和临床结果。
外来植物物种占报告的中毒暴露病例多数（n = 10）。在记录的26起动物中毒事件中，狗是最常涉及的物种（n = 24），而仅有两起咨询涉及其他动物（一只兔子和一头牛）。有20起植物中毒病例和6起蘑菇中毒病例（均为狗）。仅有1例涉及苏铁中毒的狗死亡病例。
南非动物中毒特征与其他国家相似。报告的动物接触有毒植物和蘑菇的病例可能仅占实际暴露的一小部分。由于大多数报告病例涉及无法鉴定到物种水平的分类群，在病例报告和动物中毒预防方面应更加关注，让公众参与进来，使人们能够识别潜在危险植物并降低动物中毒风险。
