Maxa Kaitlin M, Hoffman Carson, Rivera-Rivera Leonardo A, Motovylyak Alice, Turski Patrick A, Mitchell Carol K C, Ma Yue, Berman Sara E, Gallagher Catherine L, Bendlin Barbara B, Asthana Sanjay, Sager Mark A, Hermann Bruce P, Johnson Sterling C, Cook Dane B, Wieben Oliver, Okonkwo Ozioma C
Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
Brain Plast. 2020 Oct 1;5(2):175-184. doi: 10.3233/BPL-190096.
There is increasing evidence that vascular disease risk factors contribute to evolution of the dementia syndrome of Alzheimer's disease (AD). One important measure of cerebrovascular health is pulsatility index (PI) which is thought to represent distal vascular resistance, and has previously been reported to be elevated in AD clinical syndrome. Physical inactivity has emerged as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
This study aims to examine the relationship between a measure of habitual physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and PI in the large cerebral vessels.
Ninety-two cognitively-healthy adults (age = 65.34±5.95, 72% female) enrolled in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention participated in this study. Participants underwent 4D flow brain MRI to measure PI in the internal carotid artery (ICA), basilar artery, middle cerebral artery (MCA), and superior sagittal sinus. Participants also completed a self-report physical activity questionnaire. CRF was calculated using a previously-validated equation that incorporates sex, age, body-mass index, resting heart rate, and self-reported physical activity. A series of linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, APOE4 status, and 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk were used to analyze the relationship between CRF and PI.
Inverse associations were found between CRF and mean PI in the inferior ICA (p = .001), superior ICA (p = .035), and basilar artery (p = .040). No other cerebral vessels revealed significant associations between CRF and PI (p≥.228).
Higher CRF was associated with lower PI in several large cerebral vessels. Since increased pulsatility has been associated with poor brain health and reported in persons with AD, this suggests that aerobic fitness might provide protection against cerebrovascular changes related to the progression of AD clinical syndrome.
越来越多的证据表明，血管疾病风险因素会促使阿尔茨海默病（AD）痴呆综合征的发展。脑血管健康的一项重要指标是搏动指数（PI），它被认为代表远端血管阻力，此前有报道称其在AD临床综合征中升高。缺乏身体活动已成为心血管疾病的独立危险因素。
本研究旨在探讨习惯性身体活动指标、心肺适能（CRF）与大脑大血管PI之间的关系。
92名认知健康的成年人（年龄=65.34±5.95，72%为女性）参与了威斯康星州阿尔茨海默病预防登记处的这项研究。参与者接受了四维血流脑磁共振成像，以测量颈内动脉（ICA）、基底动脉、大脑中动脉（MCA）和上矢状窦的PI。参与者还完成了一份自我报告的身体活动问卷。CRF是使用一个先前验证过的公式计算得出的，该公式纳入了性别、年龄、体重指数、静息心率和自我报告的身体活动。使用一系列针对年龄、性别、APOE4状态和10年动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病风险进行调整的线性回归模型来分析CRF与PI之间的关系。
在ICA下部（p=0.001）、ICA上部（p=0.035）和基底动脉（p=0.040）中，CRF与平均PI之间存在负相关。其他脑血管在CRF与PI之间未显示出显著相关性（p≥0.228）。
较高的CRF与大脑几条大血管中较低的PI相关。由于搏动性增加与大脑健康不佳有关且在AD患者中有所报道，这表明有氧适能可能为预防与AD临床综合征进展相关的脑血管变化提供保护。
