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《意想不到的救世主:葡萄牙国家医疗体系与新冠疫情的初步影响》

The Unlikely Saviour: Portugal's National Health System and the Initial Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic?

作者信息

Varanda Jorge, Gonçalves Luzia, Craveiro Isabel

机构信息

Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.

Centro em Rede de Investigação em Antropologia, Coimbra, Portugal.

出版信息

Development (Rome). 2020;63(2-4):291-297. doi: 10.1057/s41301-020-00268-8. Epub 2020 Dec 3.

Abstract

What is the impact of COVID-19 on Portugal's (SNS), the country's national health service? The story, still unfolding, has all the elements of a recipe for disaster: one of the most elderly populations in the world; a weakened SNS, the result of a litany of policies and interventions by the 'Troika' (the European Commission, the European Central Bank and the International Monetary Fund); a health care delivery system focused on non-communicable diseases and long-term care; the growing public distrust in public services, compared to private, hotel-like health care facilities. We are aware that these are still the early days of the epidemic, yet it is safe to say that algorithmic scenarios of doom and gloom have so far been averted. In the past six months of the pandemic, the level of trust of the Portuguese population in the SNS and its health personnel has significantly improved, while the government has started to provide additional funding and to work for the expansion of the public system. At the very inception of the pandemic, private hospitals practically closed their doors to COVID-19 patients. Unexpectedly a new disease, COVID-19, by definition foe of any health system, has granted the opportunity for a rare consensus amongst different key political and/or corporate actors in a long-called-for reform of the SNS. Social science and humanities, with their analytical tools and theoretical-conceptual frameworks, are mandatory in providing well-funded answers to such riddles and better grasping the reasons for the twist and turns.

摘要

新冠疫情对葡萄牙国家医疗服务体系(SNS)有何影响?这个仍在发展的事件具备了一切可能酿成灾难的因素:葡萄牙是世界上人口老龄化最严重的国家之一;SNS因“三驾马车”(欧盟委员会、欧洲央行和国际货币基金组织)一系列政策和干预措施而被削弱;其医疗服务体系专注于非传染性疾病和长期护理;与私立的、类似酒店的医疗设施相比,公众对公共服务的信任度不断下降。我们深知疫情仍处于早期阶段,但可以肯定地说,目前已经避免了悲观的预测。在疫情的过去六个月里,葡萄牙民众对SNS及其医护人员的信任度显著提高,同时政府已开始提供额外资金,并致力于扩大公共医疗体系。在疫情刚开始时,私立医院几乎不再接收新冠患者。出人意料的是,作为任何医疗体系的敌人,新冠这种新疾病却为长期以来呼吁的SNS改革促成了不同关键政治和/或企业行为体之间难得的共识。社会科学和人文科学凭借其分析工具和理论概念框架,对于提供资金充足的答案以解开此类谜题、更好地理解波折背后的原因而言不可或缺。

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