Pardo Alberto, Gómez-Florit Manuel, Barbosa Silvia, Taboada Pablo, Domingues Rui M A, Gomes Manuela E
3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciencia e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco-Guimarães, Portugal.
ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
ACS Nano. 2021 Jan 26;15(1):175-209. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08253. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
Most tissues of the human body are characterized by highly anisotropic physical properties and biological organization. Hydrogels have been proposed as scaffolding materials to construct artificial tissues due to their water-rich composition, biocompatibility, and tunable properties. However, unmodified hydrogels are typically composed of randomly oriented polymer networks, resulting in homogeneous structures with isotropic properties different from those observed in biological systems. Magnetic materials have been proposed as potential agents to provide hydrogels with the anisotropy required for their use on tissue engineering. Moreover, the intrinsic properties of magnetic nanoparticles enable their use as magnetomechanic remote actuators to control the behavior of the cells encapsulated within the hydrogels under the application of external magnetic fields. In this review, we combine a detailed summary of the main strategies to prepare magnetic nanoparticles showing controlled properties with an analysis of the different approaches available to their incorporation into hydrogels. The application of magnetically responsive nanocomposite hydrogels in the engineering of different tissues is also reviewed.
人体的大多数组织都具有高度各向异性的物理特性和生物组织结构。水凝胶因其富含水的成分、生物相容性和可调性而被提议作为构建人工组织的支架材料。然而，未改性的水凝胶通常由随机取向的聚合物网络组成，导致其结构均匀，具有与生物系统中观察到的各向同性特性不同的性质。磁性材料已被提议作为潜在的试剂，为水凝胶提供组织工程应用所需的各向异性。此外，磁性纳米颗粒的固有特性使其能够用作磁机械远程致动器，在外部磁场作用下控制包裹在水凝胶中的细胞行为。在这篇综述中，我们结合了对制备具有可控特性的磁性纳米颗粒的主要策略的详细总结，以及对将其掺入水凝胶的不同可用方法的分析。还综述了磁响应纳米复合水凝胶在不同组织工程中的应用。
