Carl Johannes, Sudeck Gorden, Pfeifer Klaus
Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2020 Dec 21;11:558850. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.558850. eCollection 2020.
The physical activity-related health competence (PAHCO) model assumes that individuals require movement competence, control competence, and self-regulation competence to lead a healthy, physically active lifestyle. Although previous research has already established some measurement factors ( = 8) of the three dimensions, no attempts have so far been made to statistically aggregate them on the sub-competence level. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to test two additional factors for PAHCO and subsequently model the second-order structure with two samples from the fields of rehabilitation and prevention. We conducted two questionnaire surveys with persons with multiple sclerosis ( = 475) and teaching students undergoing a basic qualification course in physical education ( = 502). After performing exploratory items analysis, we used second-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multidimensional scaling to investigate whether the scales could be bundled in accordance with the PAHCO model. The CFAs with 10 factors (42 items) demonstrated a good model fit. In contrast, the second-order analysis with a simple loading structure on the three sub-competencies revealed an unacceptable model fit. Instead, a second-order model variant was preferred [comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.926, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.048, standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) = 0.065] in which body awareness and self-efficacy had theory-conform cross-loadings. The results of multidimensional scaling (two-dimensional solution) were in line with the extracted second-order structure. The present results suggested that the extension of the measurement instrument to 10 first-order factors was psychometrically justified for the two populations. The results from the second-order analyses provided the basis for the creation of sum scores, representing manifest indicators of movement competence, control competence, and self-regulation competence. Future studies are needed that cross-validate the extended measurement model with other populations and that relate the sub-competencies of PAHCO to indicators of health-enhancing physical activity.
与身体活动相关的健康能力（PAHCO）模型假定，个体需要运动能力、控制能力和自我调节能力，才能过上健康、积极运动的生活方式。尽管先前的研究已经确定了这三个维度的一些测量因素（= 8），但迄今为止尚未有人尝试在子能力水平上对这些因素进行统计汇总。因此，本研究的目的是测试PAHCO的另外两个因素，并随后用来自康复和预防领域的两个样本对二阶结构进行建模。我们对多发性硬化症患者（= 475）和正在接受体育教育基础资格课程的师范生（= 502）进行了两次问卷调查。在进行探索性项目分析后，我们使用二阶验证性因素分析（CFA）和多维标度法来研究这些量表是否可以根据PAHCO模型进行捆绑。包含10个因素（42个项目）的CFA显示出良好的模型拟合。相比之下，对三个子能力采用简单载荷结构的二阶分析显示出不可接受的模型拟合。相反，一个二阶模型变体更受青睐[比较拟合指数（CFI）= 0.926，近似均方根误差（RMSEA）= 0.048，标准化均方根残差（SRMR）= 0.065]，其中身体意识和自我效能具有符合理论的交叉载荷。多维标度法（二维解）的结果与提取的二阶结构一致。目前的结果表明，将测量工具扩展到10个一阶因素在心理测量学上对这两个人群是合理的。二阶分析的结果为创建总分提供了基础，总分代表了运动能力、控制能力和自我调节能力的显性指标。未来需要进行研究，用其他人群对扩展的测量模型进行交叉验证，并将PAHCO的子能力与促进健康的身体活动指标联系起来。
