Department of Psychiatry, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
Department of Psychiatry, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
PLoS One. 2021 Jan 11;16(1):e0245294. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245294. eCollection 2021.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychological effects of the COVID-19 outbreak and associated factors on hospital workers at the beginning of the outbreak with a large disease cluster on the Diamond Princess cruise ship. This cross-sectional, survey-based study collected demographic data, mental health measurements, and stress-related questionnaires from workers in 2 hospitals in Yokohama, Japan, from March 23, 2020, to April 6, 2020. The prevalence rates of general psychological distress and event-related distress were assessed using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and the 22-item Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), respectively. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted on the 26-item stress-related questionnaires. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with mental health outcomes for workers both at high- and low-risk for infection of COVID-19. A questionnaire was distributed to 4133 hospital workers, and 2697 (65.3%) valid questionnaires were used for analyses. Overall, 536 (20.0%) were high-risk workers, 944 (35.0%) of all hospital workers showed general distress, and 189 (7.0%) demonstrated event-related distress. Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that 'Feeling of being isolated and discriminated' was associated with both the general and event-related distress for both the high- and low-risk workers. In this survey, not only high-risk workers but also low-risk workers in the hospitals admitting COVID-19 patients reported experiencing psychological distress at the beginning of the outbreak.
本研究旨在调查 COVID-19 疫情爆发初期,在钻石公主号游轮上发生大规模疫情时,医院工作人员的心理影响及其相关因素。本横断面调查研究于 2020 年 3 月 23 日至 4 月 6 日期间,从日本横滨的 2 家医院收集了工作人员的人口统计学数据、心理健康测量结果和与压力相关的问卷。使用 12 项一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)和 22 项修订后的事件影响量表(IES-R)评估一般心理困扰和与事件相关的困扰的患病率。对 26 项与压力相关的问卷进行探索性因子分析。对高、低感染 COVID-19 风险的工作人员的心理健康结果进行多变量逻辑回归分析。向 4133 名医院工作人员发放问卷,其中 2697 份(65.3%)有效问卷用于分析。总体而言,536 名(20.0%)为高风险工作人员,944 名(35.0%)所有医院工作人员表现出一般困扰,189 名(7.0%)表现出与事件相关的困扰。多变量逻辑回归分析表明,“感到孤立和歧视”与高、低风险工作人员的一般和与事件相关的困扰均有关。在这项调查中,不仅是高风险的工作人员,而且是收治 COVID-19 患者的医院的低风险工作人员,在疫情爆发初期都报告了心理困扰。