Institute of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary.
PLoS One. 2021 Jan 11;16(1):e0245351. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245351. eCollection 2021.
Staphylococcus aureus and S. pseudintermedius are the two most common coagulase positive staphylococci (CPS). S. aureus is more prevalent among humans, whereas S. pseudintermedius is more commonly isolated from dogs, however, both can cause various community and hospital acquired diseases in humans.
In the current study we screened 102 dogs and 84 owners in Hungary. We tested the antibiotic susceptibility of the strains and in order to get a better picture of the clonal relationship of the strains, we used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. In addition, three pairs of isolates with identical PFGE patterns were whole genome sequenced, MLST and spa types were established.
Carriage rate of S. aureus was 23.8% in humans and 4.9% in dogs and two cases of co-carriage were found among dogs and owners. S. pseudintermedius carriage rate was 2.4% and 34.3%, respectively, with only one co-carriage. The isolates were generally rather susceptible to the tested antibiotics, but high tetracycline resistance of S. pseudintermedius strains was noted. The co-carried isolates shared almost the same resistance genes (including tet(K), bla(Z), norA, mepR, lmrS, fosB) and virulence gene pattern. Apart from the common staphylococcal enzymes and cytotoxins, we found enterotoxins and exfoliative toxins as well. The two S. aureus pairs belonged to ST45-t630, ST45-t671 and ST15-t084, ST15-t084, respectively. The co-carried S. pseudintermedius isolates shared the same housekeeping gene alleles determining a novel sequence type ST1685.
Based on the genomic data, dog-owner co-carried strains displayed only insignificant differences therefore provided evidence for potential human-to-dog and dog-to-human transmission.
金黄色葡萄球菌和中间葡萄球菌是两种最常见的凝固酶阳性葡萄球菌（CPS）。金黄色葡萄球菌在人类中更为普遍，而中间葡萄球菌则更常从狗中分离出来，但两者均可导致人类发生各种社区和医院获得性疾病。
在目前的研究中，我们在匈牙利筛查了 102 只狗和 84 位主人。我们测试了菌株的抗生素敏感性，为了更好地了解菌株的克隆关系，我们使用了脉冲场凝胶电泳。此外，我们对具有相同 PFGE 模式的三对分离株进行了全基因组测序，确定了 MLST 和 spa 型。
金黄色葡萄球菌在人类中的携带率为 23.8%，在狗中的携带率为 4.9%，在狗和主人中发现了两例共同携带。中间葡萄球菌的携带率分别为 2.4%和 34.3%，仅发现一例共同携带。这些分离株通常对测试的抗生素具有较高的敏感性，但中间葡萄球菌菌株的四环素耐药率较高。共同携带的分离株几乎具有相同的耐药基因（包括 tet(K)、bla(Z)、norA、mepR、lmrS、fosB）和毒力基因模式。除了常见的葡萄球菌酶和细胞毒素外，我们还发现了肠毒素和表皮剥脱毒素。两对金黄色葡萄球菌分离株分别属于 ST45-t630、ST45-t671 和 ST15-t084、ST15-t084。共同携带的中间葡萄球菌分离株具有相同的看家基因等位基因，确定了一种新型序列型 ST1685。
基于基因组数据，狗-主人共同携带的菌株仅显示出微不足道的差异，因此为潜在的人-狗和狗-人传播提供了证据。
