Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Cancer Gene Ther. 2021 Dec;28(12):1229-1255. doi: 10.1038/s41417-020-00272-7. Epub 2021 Jan 11.
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers comprise a heterogeneous group of complex disorders that affect different organs, including esophagus, stomach, gallbladder, liver, biliary tract, pancreas, small intestine, colon, rectum, and anus. Recently, an explosion in nucleic acid-based technologies has led to the discovery of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that have been found to possess unique regulatory functions. This class of RNAs is >200 nucleotides in length, and is characterized by their lack of protein coding. LncRNAs exert regulatory effects in GI cancer development by affecting different functions such as the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells, apoptosis, glycolysis and angiogenesis. Over the past few decades, considerable evidence has revealed the important role of autophagy in both GI cancer progression and suppression. In addition, recent studies have confirmed a significant correlation between lncRNAs and the regulation of autophagy. In this review, we summarize how lncRNAs play a behind the scenes role in the pathogenesis of GI cancers through regulation of autophagy.
胃肠道（GI）癌症包括一组影响不同器官的异质复杂疾病，包括食管、胃、胆囊、肝、胆道、胰腺、小肠、结肠、直肠和肛门。最近，基于核酸的技术的爆炸式发展导致了长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）的发现，这些 RNA 被发现具有独特的调节功能。这类 RNA 的长度超过 200 个核苷酸，其特征是缺乏蛋白质编码。lncRNA 通过影响癌细胞的增殖和转移、细胞凋亡、糖酵解和血管生成等不同功能，在 GI 癌症的发展中发挥调节作用。在过去的几十年中，大量证据揭示了自噬在 GI 癌症的发生和抑制中的重要作用。此外，最近的研究证实了 lncRNA 与自噬调节之间的显著相关性。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 lncRNA 如何通过调节自噬在胃肠道癌症的发病机制中发挥幕后作用。
