Wuhib Shumye Mekuriaw, Tegegne Belachew, Ademe Sewunet, Workneh Moges, Abera Million, Nemera Gugsa, Balcha Fikadu
School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2021 Jan 6;14:37-45. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S283158. eCollection 2021.
Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are the most common comorbid non-communicable chronic diseases that threaten human beings worldwide. Hypertension is associated with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus and vis-a-vis. However, there is limited information on the magnitude of diabetes mellitus in hypertensive patients in sub-Saharan countries. Hence, this study assessed the magnitude of diabetes mellitus and its associated factors among adult hypertensive patients attending a hypertension clinic in Northeast Ethiopia.
Institution-based cross-sectional study conducted on 407 participants from April to June 2019. The participants were included in the study using systematic random sampling. Data were collected using the WHO STEPwise method. We run descriptive statistics to determine the magnitude of diabetes mellitus in hypertensive patients and logistic regression to identify factors associated with diabetes, and statistically significant associations were declared at a P-value of less than 0.05.
The magnitude of diabetes mellitus among hypertensive patients was 29.1%, of whom 24% were newly diagnosed. Respondents with a family history of diabetes mellitus (AOR: 4.6, CI: 2.2, 9.48), increased waist-to-height ratio (AOR: 21.5, CI: 5.62,43.67), increased waist circumference (AOR: 3.2, CI: 1.58, 6.53) and primary school educational status (AOR: 3.2, CI: 1.41, 7.25) were more likely to have diabetes. Similarly, respondents with longer hypertension duration (AOR: 4.09, CI: 1.22, 13.64), past daily smoking history (AOR: 10.46, CI: 1.59,6.8), increased diastolic blood pressure (AOR: 4.15, CI: 1.51, 11.37), and increased waist circumference (AOR: 7.5, CI: 4.47,14.95) were more likely to be diagnosed newly for diabetes.
Our study indicated around one-third of hypertensive patients had diabetes. Family history of diabetes mellitus, primary educational status and increased waist-to-height ratio and waist circumference were significant predictors of diabetes among hypertensive patients. The finding suggests the need for regular diabetic screening among hypertensive patients.
高血压和糖尿病是全球范围内威胁人类健康的最常见的合并存在的非传染性慢性病。高血压与糖尿病风险增加相关，反之亦然。然而，关于撒哈拉以南国家高血压患者中糖尿病的严重程度的信息有限。因此，本研究评估了埃塞俄比亚东北部一家高血压诊所成年高血压患者中糖尿病的严重程度及其相关因素。
2019年4月至6月对407名参与者进行了基于机构的横断面研究。采用系统随机抽样将参与者纳入研究。使用世界卫生组织的逐步方法收集数据。我们进行描述性统计以确定高血压患者中糖尿病的严重程度，并进行逻辑回归以确定与糖尿病相关的因素，P值小于0.05时声明具有统计学意义的关联。
高血压患者中糖尿病的严重程度为29.1%，其中24%为新诊断患者。有糖尿病家族史的受访者（调整后比值比：4.6，置信区间：2.2，9.48）、腰高比增加（调整后比值比：21.5，置信区间：5.62，43.67）、腰围增加（调整后比值比：3.2，置信区间：1.58，6.53）和小学教育程度（调整后比值比：3.2，置信区间：1.41，7.25）患糖尿病的可能性更大。同样，高血压病程较长的受访者（调整后比值比：4.09，置信区间：1.22，13.64）、过去有每日吸烟史（调整后比值比：10.46，置信区间：1.59，6.8）、舒张压升高（调整后比值比：4.15，置信区间：1.51，11.37）和腰围增加（调整后比值比：7.5，置信区间：4.47，14.95）更有可能新诊断为糖尿病。
我们的研究表明约三分之一的高血压患者患有糖尿病。糖尿病家族史、小学教育程度以及腰高比和腰围增加是高血压患者患糖尿病的重要预测因素。该发现表明高血压患者需要定期进行糖尿病筛查。
