Campa Francesco, Maietta Latessa Pasqualino, Greco Gianpiero, Mauro Mario, Mazzuca Paolo, Spiga Federico, Toselli Stefania
Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2020 Jul 17;5(3):51. doi: 10.3390/jfmk5030051.
Resistance training improves health in obese and overweight people. However, it is not clear what is the optimal weekly resistance training frequency and the most efficacious training protocol on body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, and handgrip strength (HS). The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a supervised structured 24 week resistance training program on obese and overweight women.
Forty-five women (BMI 37.1 ± 6.3 kg/m; age 56.5 ± 0.7 years) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: A group with a high weekly training frequency of three times a week (HIGH) and a group that performed it only once a week (LOW). Cardiometabolic risk factors, anthropometric and HS measures were taken before and after the intervention period.
A significant ( < 0.05) group by time interaction was observed for body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, fat mass, plasma glucose, plasma insulin, homeostatic model assessment, and for dominant and absolute HS. Additionally, only the HIGH group saw increased HS and decreased total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol after the intervention period ( < 0.05). The observed increase in HS was associated with an improved insulin resistance sensitivity (absolute handgrip strength: -0.40, = 0.007; relative handgrip strength: -0.47, = 0.001) after training, which constitutes an essential element for cardiovascular health.
The results suggest that high weekly frequency training give greater benefits for weight loss and cardiometabolic risk factors improvement than a training program with a training session of once a week. Furthermore, the improvement of HS can be achieved with a high weekly frequency training.
抗阻训练可改善肥胖和超重人群的健康状况。然而，尚不清楚每周最佳的抗阻训练频率以及对身体成分、心血管代谢风险因素和握力（HS）最有效的训练方案是什么。本研究的目的是确定一项为期24周的有监督的结构化抗阻训练计划对肥胖和超重女性的影响。
45名女性（体重指数37.1±6.3kg/m；年龄56.5±0.7岁）被随机分为两组：一组每周进行三次高频率训练（高频率组），另一组每周只进行一次训练（低频率组）。在干预期前后测量心血管代谢风险因素、人体测量指标和握力。
观察到体重、体重指数、腰围、脂肪量、血浆葡萄糖、血浆胰岛素、稳态模型评估以及优势握力和绝对握力在组间与时间交互作用方面存在显著差异（P<0.05）。此外，干预期后只有高频率组的握力增加，总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低（P<0.05）。训练后观察到的握力增加与胰岛素抵抗敏感性改善相关（绝对握力：r=-0.40，P=0.007；相对握力：r=-0.47，P=0.001），这是心血管健康的一个重要因素。
结果表明，与每周训练一次的训练计划相比，每周高频率训练在减肥和改善心血管代谢风险因素方面有更大益处。此外，每周高频率训练可以实现握力的改善。
