Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing, World Health Organization, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland.
Viruses. 2021 Jan 18;13(1):123. doi: 10.3390/v13010123.
We systematically searched regional and international databases and screened 1658 non-duplicate records describing women with suspected or confirmed ZIKV infection, intending to breastfeed or give breast milk to an infant to examine the potential of mother-to-child transmission of Zika virus (ZIKV) through breast milk or breastfeeding-related practices. Fourteen studies met our inclusion criteria and inform this analysis. These studies reported on 97 mother-children pairs who provided breast milk for ZIKV assessment. Seventeen breast milk samples from different women were found positive for ZIKV via RT-PCR, and ZIKV replication was found in cell cultures from five out of seven breast milk samples from different women. Only three out of six infants who had ZIKV infection were breastfed, no evidence of clinical complications was found to be associated with ZIKV RNA in breast milk. This review updates our previous report by including 12 new articles, in which we found no evidence of ZIKV mother-to-child transmission through breast milk intake or breastfeeding. As the certainty of the present evidence is low, additional studies are still warranted to determine if ZIKV can be transmitted through breastfeeding.
我们系统地检索了区域和国际数据库，并筛选了 1658 份非重复记录，这些记录描述了疑似或确诊 Zika 病毒感染的女性，她们打算母乳喂养或用母乳喂养婴儿，以研究 Zika 病毒（ZIKV）通过母乳或与母乳喂养相关的做法传播给婴儿的可能性。有 14 项研究符合我们的纳入标准，并为这项分析提供了信息。这些研究报告了 97 对提供母乳进行 ZIKV 评估的母婴对。通过 RT-PCR 在 17 份来自不同女性的母乳样本中发现了 Zika 病毒阳性，在来自不同女性的 7 份母乳样本中的 5 份中发现了 Zika 病毒的复制。在 6 名患有 Zika 病毒感染的婴儿中，只有 3 名进行了母乳喂养，没有证据表明与母乳中的 Zika 病毒 RNA 相关的临床并发症。本综述通过纳入 12 篇新文章更新了我们之前的报告，在这些新文章中，我们没有发现 Zika 病毒通过母乳摄入或母乳喂养传播给婴儿的证据。由于目前证据的确定性较低，仍需要进一步的研究来确定 Zika 病毒是否可以通过母乳喂养传播。
