Marnezi Maria, Tsiakalos Aristotelis, Akinosoglou Karolina
Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patra, Greece.
Lito General, Maternity & Gynecology Clinic, 11524 Athens, Greece.
Pathogens. 2024 Dec 20;13(12):1129. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13121129.
West Nile Virus [WNV] is a mosquito-borne flavivirus. It has spread globally, causing asymptomatic to severe neurological diseases in humans, with an increased risk in older adults and those with underlying conditions. This review examines WNV's impact on pregnancy, focusing on maternal and neonatal symptoms and risks.
This systematic review included primary studies from "PUBMED" and "SCOPUS" databases, as well as Google and Google Scholar, conducted in July 2024 using the appropriate keywords. This review adhered to PRISMA guidelines and utilized the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for bias assessment.
Seven primary studies were included in the systematic review. Fever was the predominating symptom, including neurological manifestations, respiratory symptoms, myalgia, weakness, nausea, vomiting, and rashes. Delivery, in most cases, progressed without any complications, while no infection was noted. Most of the neonates had a normal Apgar score, and their developmental functions did not seem to be affected. Even though, antibodies against WNV were detected in breast milk, no association with transmission to the neonate was observed.
WNV infection is mostly associated with favorable outcomes during pregnancy. However, larger cohorts are needed to confirm our conclusions. Prompt diagnosis and public health surveillance are pivotal to eliminate disease transmission.
西尼罗河病毒（WNV）是一种由蚊子传播的黄病毒。它已在全球范围内传播，可导致人类出现从无症状到严重的神经系统疾病，老年人及有基础疾病者的患病风险更高。本综述探讨了WNV对妊娠的影响，重点关注母婴症状及风险。
本系统综述纳入了2024年7月从“PUBMED”和“SCOPUS”数据库以及谷歌和谷歌学术搜索中检索到的使用适当关键词的原发性研究。本综述遵循PRISMA指南，并采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表进行偏倚评估。
该系统综述纳入了7项原发性研究。发热是主要症状，包括神经表现、呼吸道症状、肌痛、虚弱、恶心、呕吐和皮疹。在大多数情况下，分娩进展顺利，未出现任何并发症，也未发现感染情况。大多数新生儿阿氏评分正常，其发育功能似乎未受影响。尽管在母乳中检测到了抗WNV抗体，但未观察到与新生儿传播有关联。
WNV感染在妊娠期间大多与良好结局相关。然而，需要更大规模的队列研究来证实我们的结论。及时诊断和公共卫生监测对于消除疾病传播至关重要。
