University of Maryland, 3942 Campus Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
J Youth Adolesc. 2021 Mar;50(3):459-469. doi: 10.1007/s10964-020-01374-z. Epub 2021 Jan 25.
Extensive research has demonstrated the transactional nature of parent-child psychopathology, with limited studies examining these effects during late adolescence and none, to our knowledge, longitudinally during the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study examined the cross-lagged effects of parent and adolescent internalizing symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic and the moderating role of avoidant coping. A sample of 291 adolescents (Age = 18.27; 53% female; 61% White) and their parents rated their own anxiety and depressive symptoms and coping during the first two months following stay-at-home orders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Parent internalizing symptoms at the first assessment predicted adolescent internalizing symptoms at the second assessment. Adolescent avoidant coping style moderated this effect of parent internalizing symptoms on adolescent internalizing symptoms in the subsequent month, such that parent internalizing symptoms predicted child internalizing symptoms only among adolescents with moderate to high rates of avoidant coping. Follow-up analyses indicated different patterns when examining depressive and anxiety symptoms separately. The results highlight complex family dynamics between adolescents and their parents and begin to differentiate how individual characteristics impact the response to a significant life event such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
大量研究表明，亲子精神病理学具有相互影响的性质，仅有有限的研究在青少年晚期对这些影响进行了考察，而在我们所知的范围内，没有研究在 COVID-19 大流行期间进行过纵向研究。本研究考察了 COVID-19 大流行期间父母和青少年内化症状的交叉滞后效应，以及回避应对的调节作用。研究样本包括 291 名青少年（年龄=18.27；53%为女性；61%为白人）及其父母，他们在 COVID-19 居家令实施后的头两个月内，对自己的焦虑和抑郁症状以及应对方式进行了评估。第一评估时父母的内化症状预测了第二评估时青少年的内化症状。青少年的回避应对方式调节了父母内化症状对青少年内化症状的后续影响，即只有在回避应对程度中等或较高的青少年中，父母的内化症状才会预测孩子的内化症状。后续分析表明，当分别检查抑郁和焦虑症状时，会呈现出不同的模式。研究结果强调了青少年与其父母之间复杂的家庭动态，并开始区分个体特征如何影响对 COVID-19 大流行等重大生活事件的反应。
