Wang Yan, Wang Fei, Lu Hong, Liu Yu, Mao Chuanzao
Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya, Hainan, 572025, China.
State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Plant Cell Physiol. 2021 Sep 24;62(4):564-572. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcab011.
Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development. Low inorganic phosphate (Pi) availability is a limiting factor for plant growth and yield. To cope with a complex and changing environment, plants have evolved elaborate mechanisms for regulating Pi uptake and use. Recently, the molecular mechanisms of plant Pi signaling have become clearer. Plants absorb Pi from the soil through their roots and transfer Pi to various organs or tissues through phosphate transporters, which are precisely controlled at the transcript and protein levels. Here, we summarize recent progress on the molecular regulatory mechanism of phosphate transporters in Arabidopsis and rice, including the characterization of functional transporters, regulation of transcript levels, protein localization and turnover of phosphate transporters. A more in-depth understanding of plant adaptation to a changing Pi environment will facilitate the genetic improvement of plant P efficiency.
磷（P）是植物生长发育所必需的大量营养素。低无机磷酸盐（Pi）有效性是限制植物生长和产量的一个因素。为了应对复杂多变的环境，植物进化出了精细的机制来调节Pi的吸收和利用。最近，植物Pi信号传导的分子机制变得更加清晰。植物通过根系从土壤中吸收Pi，并通过磷酸盐转运蛋白将Pi转运到各个器官或组织，这些转运蛋白在转录和蛋白质水平上受到精确控制。在这里，我们总结了拟南芥和水稻中磷酸盐转运蛋白分子调控机制的最新进展，包括功能性转运蛋白的表征、转录水平的调控、蛋白质定位以及磷酸盐转运蛋白的周转。对植物适应不断变化的Pi环境的更深入理解将有助于植物磷效率的遗传改良。
