Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Yilan, Taiwan.
Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Yilan, Taiwan.
Poult Sci. 2021 Feb;100(2):875-886. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.10.070. Epub 2020 Nov 18.
In this study, the effects of Bacillus subtilis-fermented products on the growth performance and cecal microbiota of broilers were investigated in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. A total of 120 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments, with 5 replicate cages per treatment and 6 birds per cage. The dietary treatments comprised a basal diet as the control, basal diet plus 5 mg/kg of LPS, and basal diet plus 5 mg/kg of LPS in combination with 1 and 3 g/kg of B. subtilis-fermented products. The results indicated that B. subtilis-fermented product supplementation increased (linear, P < 0.05) the body weight of broilers relative to LPS treatment alone at 21 d of age. At 15 to 21 d and 1 to 21 d of age, B. subtilis-fermented product supplementation improved (linear, P < 0.05) the average daily gain in broilers compared with LPS challenge alone. The inflammation-associated gene expression was decreased (P < 0.05), and intestinal barrier-associated gene expression was increased (P < 0.05) in the small intestine of the group treated with 3 g/kg of B. subtilis-fermented products in combination with LPS challenge. In cecal microbiota analysis, the richness of bacterial species was lower (P < 0.05) in the groups treated with 1 and 3 g/kg of B. subtilis-fermented products in combination with LPS challenge than in the control group. Principal coordinates analysis indicated distinct clusters between the groups treated with LPS alone and B. subtilis-fermented products in combination with LPS challenge. The abundance of the genera Erysipelatoclostridium and Ruminococcaceae_unclassified in the cecal digesta decreased (P < 0.05) in broilers fed with B. subtilis-fermented products compared with the control group. The average abundance of the genera Bacteroides and Romboutsia in the cecal digesta was positively correlated with the body weight and average daily gain of broilers in response to LPS challenge. Furthermore, the average abundance of the genera Bacteroides and Romboutsia in the cecal digesta was positively correlated with the concentration of B. subtilis-fermented products under LPS challenge. These results demonstrate that B. subtilis-fermented products can improve the growth performance and modulate the gut microflora composition of broilers under immune stress.
在这项研究中，研究了枯草芽孢杆菌发酵产物对脂多糖（LPS）应激下肉鸡生长性能和盲肠微生物群的影响。将 120 只 1 日龄雄性肉鸡（Ross 308）随机分为 4 种日粮处理组，每个处理组有 5 个重复笼，每个笼有 6 只鸡。日粮处理组包括基础日粮作为对照、基础日粮加 5mg/kg LPS、基础日粮加 5mg/kg LPS 加 1 和 3g/kg 枯草芽孢杆菌发酵产物。结果表明，与 LPS 单独处理相比，枯草芽孢杆菌发酵产物的添加增加了 21 日龄肉鸡的体重（线性，P < 0.05）。在 15 至 21 日龄和 1 至 21 日龄时，与 LPS 单独应激相比，枯草芽孢杆菌发酵产物的添加提高了肉鸡的平均日增重（线性，P < 0.05）。与 LPS 单独应激相比，添加 3g/kg 枯草芽孢杆菌发酵产物降低了（P < 0.05）炎症相关基因的表达，增加了（P < 0.05）小肠中肠屏障相关基因的表达。在盲肠微生物群分析中，与对照组相比，添加 1 和 3g/kg 枯草芽孢杆菌发酵产物加 LPS 应激组的细菌种类丰富度较低（P < 0.05）。主坐标分析表明，单独 LPS 处理组和枯草芽孢杆菌发酵产物加 LPS 处理组之间存在明显的聚类。与对照组相比，在添加枯草芽孢杆菌发酵产物的肉鸡盲肠内容物中，埃希氏菌属和真杆菌科未分类属的丰度降低（P < 0.05）。在 LPS 应激下，盲肠内容物中拟杆菌属和 Romboutsia 属的平均丰度与肉鸡的体重和平均日增重呈正相关。此外，盲肠内容物中拟杆菌属和 Romboutsia 属的平均丰度与 LPS 应激下枯草芽孢杆菌发酵产物的浓度呈正相关。这些结果表明，枯草芽孢杆菌发酵产物可改善免疫应激下肉鸡的生长性能和调节肠道微生物群落组成。
