Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, 10065, NY, USA.
Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, 10065, NY, USA.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2021 Apr;69:88-95. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2020.12.015. Epub 2021 Jan 31.
Tissue-resident stem cells (SCs) are critical players in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. SCs reside in complex and uniquely anatomically organized microenvironments (SC niches), that carefully control SC lineage outputs depending on localized tissue needs. Upon environmental perturbations and tissue stressors, SCs respond and restore the tissue to homeostasis, as well as protect it from secondary assaults. Critical to this function are two key processes, SC lineage plasticity and SC memory. In this review, we delineate the multifactorial determinants and key principles underlining these two remarkable SC behaviors. Understanding lineage plasticity and SC memory will be critical not only to design new regenerative therapies but also to determine how these processes are altered in a multitude of pathologies such as cancer and chronic tissue damage.
组织驻留干细胞 (SCs) 是维持组织内稳态的关键参与者。SCs 存在于复杂且具有独特解剖结构的微环境 (SCs 龛) 中，这些微环境可根据局部组织需求精细地控制 SC 谱系的输出。在环境变化和组织应激时，SCs 会做出响应并使组织恢复内稳态，同时保护其免受二次攻击。SCs 发挥这一功能的关键在于两个关键过程：SC 谱系可塑性和 SC 记忆。在这篇综述中，我们阐述了这两种显著的 SC 行为背后的多因素决定因素和关键原则。理解谱系可塑性和 SC 记忆不仅对于设计新的再生疗法至关重要，而且对于确定这些过程在癌症和慢性组织损伤等多种病理状态下是如何改变的也至关重要。
