Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Bahria University (Karachi Campus), Karachi, 75260, Pakistan; Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan.
Environ Res. 2021 Apr;195:110780. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110780. Epub 2021 Feb 2.
Environmental matrices are polluted with the plethora of contaminants, and among these, the concerns related to heavy metals (HMs) are also included. Due to the low cost in a long-term application and environmental friendliness, the use of biological remediation has gained significant attention in recent decades. The use of ornamental plants (OPs) in the field of phytoremediation is scarcely reported, and the impacts of HMs on OPs have also not been investigated in great depth. The OPs mediated HMs remediation can simultaneously remove contaminants and bring improvement in aesthetics of the site. The biomass of OPs produced after such activities can be used and sold as pot plants, cut flowers, essential oils, perfumes, air fresheners production, metal phytomining, and feedstock in silk production. The OPs also present a lower risk of HMs bioaccumulation compared to crop plants. This review focuses on the current knowledge of HMs toxicity to OPs, their applicability advantages, methods to improve the tolerance of OPs with incremented HMs uptake, challenges in the field, and future application perspectives. The case studies realted to practical application of OPs, from China, Iran, India, Oman, Pakistan, and Turkey, were also discussed. This work fetches the inter-disciplinary features and understanding for the sustainable treatment of HMs in a new novel way, to which no previous review has focused.
环境基质受到大量污染物的污染，其中也包括与重金属 (HM) 相关的问题。由于在长期应用中的低成本和环境友好性，生物修复在最近几十年得到了广泛关注。观赏植物 (OP) 在植物修复领域的应用很少被报道，HM 对 OPs 的影响也没有被深入研究。OP 介导的 HM 修复可以同时去除污染物，并改善场地的美观。在这些活动之后产生的 OPs 生物量可以用作盆栽植物、切花、精油、香水、空气清新剂生产、金属植物采矿以及丝绸生产的原料进行销售。与农作物相比，OP 积累 HM 的风险也更低。本综述重点介绍了 HM 对 OPs 的毒性、它们的应用优势、提高 OPs 对 HM 吸收的耐受性的方法、该领域的挑战以及未来的应用前景。还讨论了来自中国、伊朗、印度、阿曼、巴基斯坦和土耳其的与 OPs 实际应用相关的案例研究。这项工作以一种新颖的方式获取了跨学科的特点和对 HM 可持续处理的理解，以前的综述没有关注这一点。
