Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Floor 28, Tower Wing, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK.
Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Floor 28, Tower Wing, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK.
Stem Cell Reports. 2019 Jun 11;12(6):1190-1200. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.05.012.
Cellular quiescence is a dormant but reversible cellular state in which cell-cycle entry and proliferation are prevented. Recent studies both in vivo and in vitro demonstrate that quiescence is actively maintained through synergistic interactions between intrinsic and extrinsic signals. Subtypes of adult mammalian stem cells can be maintained in this poised, quiescent state, and subsequently reactivated upon tissue injury to restore homeostasis. However, quiescence can become deregulated in pathological settings. In this review, we discuss the recent advances uncovering intracellular signaling pathways, transcriptional changes, and extracellular cues within the stem cell niche that control induction and exit from quiescence in tissue stem cells. We discuss the implications of quiescence as well as the pharmacological and genetic approaches that are being explored to either induce or prevent quiescence as a therapeutic strategy.
细胞静止是一种休眠但可逆转的细胞状态，在此状态下细胞周期进入和增殖受到抑制。最近的体内和体外研究表明，静止状态是通过内在和外在信号的协同相互作用来积极维持的。成年哺乳动物干细胞的亚型可以在这种平衡的静止状态下维持，并且在组织损伤后重新激活以恢复体内平衡。然而，在病理情况下，静止状态可能会失调。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了最近的进展，这些进展揭示了控制组织干细胞中静止的诱导和退出的细胞内信号通路、转录变化和干细胞龛中的细胞外线索。我们讨论了静止的意义，以及正在探索的药理学和遗传学方法，以作为一种治疗策略来诱导或预防静止。
