Lee Jieul, Kim Jihye
Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi 17104, Korea.
Nutr Res Pract. 2018 Oct;12(5):396-405. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.5.396. Epub 2018 Jul 20.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This prospective study examined gender-specific associations between egg intake and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes using data from a large-scale cohort study.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 7,002 Korean adults (40-69 years) without type 2 diabetes at baseline were analyzed. Dietary intake was evaluated by a food frequency questionnaire administered at baseline (2001-2002) and the second follow-up examination (2005-2006). Type 2 diabetes was diagnosed as a fasting glucose concentration ≥ 126 mg/dL or current use of glucose-lowering medications or insulin injection. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident type 2 diabetes according to egg consumption or cholesterol intake.
During a 14-year follow up period, 857 subjects developed type 2 diabetes. In men, frequent egg intake (2- < 4 servings/week) was associated with a 40% lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes than infrequent egg intake (0- < 1 serving/week) (HR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.37-0.97), whereas no association between egg intake and incidence of type 2 diabetes was observed in women (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.27-1.37). There was no association between cholesterol intake and risk of incident type 2 diabetes in either men or women.
Egg consumption was inversely related to the risk of incident type 2 diabetes in men, but not in women, suggesting gender differences in the relationship between diet and disease risk.
背景/目的：本前瞻性研究利用一项大规模队列研究的数据，探讨了鸡蛋摄入量与2型糖尿病发病风险之间的性别特异性关联。
受试者/方法：对7002名基线时无2型糖尿病的韩国成年人（40 - 69岁）进行了分析。通过在基线（2001 - 2002年）和第二次随访检查（2005 - 2006年）时发放的食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入量。2型糖尿病的诊断标准为空腹血糖浓度≥126 mg/dL或目前正在使用降糖药物或注射胰岛素。采用多变量Cox比例风险模型，根据鸡蛋摄入量或胆固醇摄入量计算2型糖尿病发病的风险比（HR）及95%置信区间（CI）。
在14年的随访期内，857名受试者患上了2型糖尿病。在男性中，频繁摄入鸡蛋（每周2 - < 4份）与不频繁摄入鸡蛋（每周0 - < 1份）相比，患2型糖尿病的风险降低了40%（HR = 0.60，95% CI：0.37 - 0.97），而在女性中未观察到鸡蛋摄入量与2型糖尿病发病率之间的关联（HR = 0.61，95% CI：0.27 - 1.37）。男性和女性的胆固醇摄入量与2型糖尿病发病风险均无关联。
鸡蛋摄入量与男性2型糖尿病发病风险呈负相关，但与女性无关，这表明饮食与疾病风险之间的关系存在性别差异。
