Gutiérrez-Repiso Carolina, Molina-Vega María, Bernal-López M Rosa, Garrido-Sánchez Lourdes, García-Almeida José M, Sajoux Ignacio, Moreno-Indias Isabel, Tinahones Francisco J
Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain.
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
J Pers Med. 2021 Feb 8;11(2):109. doi: 10.3390/jpm11020109.
Options for treatment of obesity include dietary approaches and bariatric surgery. Previous studies have shown that weight loss interventions have an impact on gut microbiota. However, a pattern of gut microbiota changes associated with weight loss independently of the type of intervention has not been described yet. This study includes 61 individuals who followed different weight loss strategies in three different trials: 21 followed a hypocaloric Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), 18 followed a very-low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) and 22 patients underwent sleeve gastrectomy bariatric surgery (BS). Gut microbiota profile was assessed by next-generation sequencing. A common taxon that had significantly changed within the three weight loss interventions could not be find. At the family level, significantly increased its abundance with MedDiet and VLCKD, whilst and significantly increased with VLCKD and BS. At genus level, in VLCKD and BS, and significantly increased their abundance whilst decreased. At the species level, BS and VLCKD produced an increase in and a decrease in and , whilst increased its abundance after the BS and MedDiet. Predicted metagenome analysis suggested that most of the changes after VLCKD were focused on pathways related to biosynthesis and degradation/utilization/assimilation, while BS seems to decrease most of the biosynthesis pathways. MedDiet was enriched in several pathways related to fermentation to short-chain fatty acids. Our results show that weight loss is not associated with a specific pattern of gut microbiota changes independently of the strategy used. Indeed, gut microbiota changes according to type of weight loss intervention.
肥胖的治疗选择包括饮食方法和减肥手术。先前的研究表明，体重减轻干预对肠道微生物群有影响。然而，尚未描述与体重减轻相关的肠道微生物群变化模式，而不考虑干预类型。本研究纳入了61名在三项不同试验中采用不同减肥策略的个体：21名遵循低热量地中海饮食（MedDiet），18名遵循极低热量生酮饮食（VLCKD），22名患者接受了袖状胃切除术减肥手术（BS）。通过下一代测序评估肠道微生物群谱。在三种减肥干预措施中未发现有显著变化的常见分类群。在科水平上， 随着MedDiet和VLCKD其丰度显著增加，而 和 随着VLCKD和BS显著增加。在属水平上，在VLCKD和BS中， 和 的丰度显著增加，而 减少。在种水平上，BS和VLCKD使 和 增加， 减少，而 在BS和MedDiet后其丰度增加。预测宏基因组分析表明，VLCKD后的大多数变化集中在与生物合成和降解/利用/同化相关的途径上，而BS似乎减少了大多数生物合成途径。MedDiet在与发酵成短链脂肪酸相关的几种途径中富集。我们的结果表明，体重减轻与肠道微生物群变化的特定模式无关，而与所采用的策略无关。事实上，肠道微生物群根据减肥干预的类型而变化。
