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模型危机,或在新冠疫情时代如何进行批判性滥交。

The model crisis, or how to have critical promiscuity in the time of Covid-19.

机构信息

University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

出版信息

Soc Stud Sci. 2021 Apr;51(2):167-188. doi: 10.1177/0306312721996053. Epub 2021 Feb 16.

Abstract

During the past forty years, statistical modelling and simulation have come to frame perceptions of epidemic disease and to determine public health interventions that might limit or suppress the transmission of the causative agent. The influence of such formulaic disease modelling has pervaded public health policy and practice during the Covid-19 pandemic. The critical vocabulary of epidemiology, and now popular debate, thus includes R, the basic reproduction number of the virus, 'flattening the curve', and epidemic 'waves'. How did this happen? What are the consequences of framing and foreseeing the pandemic in these modes? Focusing on historical and contemporary disease responses, primarily in Britain, I explore the emergence of statistical modelling as a 'crisis technology', a reductive mechanism for making rapid decisions or judgments under uncertain biological constraint. I consider how Covid-19 might be configured or assembled otherwise, constituted as a more heterogeneous object of knowledge, a different and more encompassing moment of truth - not simply as a measured telos directing us to a new normal. Drawing on earlier critical engagements with the AIDS pandemic, inquiries into how to have 'theory' and 'promiscuity' in a crisis, I seek to open up a space for greater ecological, sociological, and cultural complexity in the biopolitics of modelling, thereby attempting to validate a role for critique in the Covid-19 crisis.

摘要

在过去的四十年中,统计建模和模拟已经成为人们对传染病的认识,并决定了可能限制或抑制病原体传播的公共卫生干预措施。在 COVID-19 大流行期间,这种公式化的疾病建模的影响渗透到了公共卫生政策和实践中。因此,流行病学的关键词汇,现在是流行的辩论,包括 R,病毒的基本繁殖数、“曲线变平”和传染病“波”。这是怎么发生的?用这些模式来描述和预测大流行有什么后果?我主要关注英国的历史和当代疾病应对,探讨了统计建模作为一种“危机技术”的出现,这是一种在不确定的生物约束下快速做出决策或判断的简化机制。我考虑了 COVID-19 如何以其他方式进行配置或组装,作为一个更具异质性的知识对象,一个不同的、更全面的真理时刻——而不仅仅是作为一个衡量我们走向新常态的目的。借鉴早期对艾滋病大流行的批判性研究,探讨在危机中如何“有理论”和“混杂”,我试图在建模的生物政治中为更大的生态、社会和文化复杂性开辟空间,从而试图在 COVID-19 危机中为批判提供一个角色。

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