Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
Health Psychology and Applied Diagnostics, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.
J Med Internet Res. 2021 Mar 11;23(3):e24804. doi: 10.2196/24804.
The COVID-19 pandemic poses a major challenge to people's everyday lives. In the context of hospitalization, the pandemic is expected to have a strong influence on affective reactions and preventive behaviors. Research is needed to develop evidence-driven strategies for coping with the challenges of the pandemic. Therefore, this survey study investigates the effects that personality traits, risk-taking behaviors, and anxiety have on medical service-related affective reactions and anticipated behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The aim of this study was to identify key factors that are associated with individuals' concerns about hygiene in hospitals and the postponement of surgeries.
We conducted a cross-sectional, web-based survey of 929 residents in Germany (women: 792/929, 85.3%; age: mean 35.2 years, SD 12.9 years). Hypotheses were tested by conducting a saturated path analysis.
We found that anxiety had a direct effect on people's concerns about safety (β=-.12, 95% CI -.20 to -.05) and hygiene in hospitals (β=.16, 95% CI .08 to .23). Risk-taking behaviors and personality traits were not associated with concerns about safety and hygiene in hospitals or anticipated behaviors.
Our findings suggest that distinct interventions and information campaigns are not necessary for individuals with different personality traits or different levels of risk-taking behavior. However, we recommend that health care workers should carefully address anxiety when interacting with patients.
COVID-19 大流行对人们的日常生活构成了重大挑战。在住院治疗的背景下，预计大流行将对情感反应和预防行为产生强烈影响。需要研究制定基于证据的策略，以应对大流行带来的挑战。因此，本调查研究旨在探讨人格特质、冒险行为和焦虑对 COVID-19 大流行期间与医疗服务相关的情感反应和预期行为的影响。
本研究旨在确定与个体对医院卫生状况的担忧以及手术推迟相关的关键因素。
我们对德国的 929 名居民进行了横断面、基于网络的调查（女性：792/929，85.3%；年龄：平均 35.2 岁，SD 12.9 岁）。通过进行饱和路径分析来检验假设。
我们发现焦虑对人们对安全（β=-.12，95%CI-.20 至-.05）和医院卫生状况（β=.16，95%CI.08 至.23）的担忧有直接影响。冒险行为和人格特质与对安全和医院卫生状况的担忧以及预期行为无关。
我们的研究结果表明，对于具有不同人格特质或不同冒险行为水平的个体，不需要进行不同的干预和信息宣传活动。然而，我们建议医护人员在与患者互动时应认真处理焦虑问题。
