Wang Jiawei, Bao Yan, Yao Yandan
Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
J Immunol Res. 2021 Feb 10;2021:6663035. doi: 10.1155/2021/6663035. eCollection 2021.
Targeted therapy for the cancer immune system has become a clinical reality with remarkable success. Immune checkpoint blockade therapy and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) immunotherapy are clinically effective in a variety of cancers. However, the clinical utility of immunotherapy in cancer is limited by severe off-target toxicity, long processing time, limited efficacy, and extremely high cost. Bionanomaterials combined with these therapies address these issues by enhancing immune regulation, integrating the synergistic effects of different molecules, and, most importantly, targeting and manipulating immune cells within the tumor. In this review, we will summarize the most current researches on bionanomaterials for targeted regulation of tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, dendritic cells, T lymphocyte cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts and summarize the prospects and challenges of cell-targeted therapy and clinical translational potential in a tumor immune microenvironment in cancer treatment.
针对癌症免疫系统的靶向治疗已成为临床现实，并取得了显著成功。免疫检查点阻断疗法和嵌合抗原受体T细胞（CAR-T）免疫疗法在多种癌症中具有临床疗效。然而，免疫疗法在癌症治疗中的临床应用受到严重的脱靶毒性、制备时间长、疗效有限以及成本极高的限制。生物纳米材料与这些疗法相结合，通过增强免疫调节、整合不同分子的协同作用，以及最重要的是靶向和操纵肿瘤内的免疫细胞，解决了这些问题。在本综述中，我们将总结生物纳米材料在靶向调节肿瘤相关巨噬细胞、髓源性抑制细胞、树突状细胞、T淋巴细胞和癌症相关成纤维细胞方面的最新研究，并总结细胞靶向治疗在肿瘤免疫微环境中的前景、挑战以及临床转化潜力。
