Hessling Martin, Haag Robin, Sieber Nicole, Vatter Petra
Institute of Medical Engineering and Mechatronics, Ulm University of Applied Sciences, Ulm, Germany.
GMS Hyg Infect Control. 2021 Feb 16;16:Doc07. doi: 10.3205/dgkh000378. eCollection 2021.
The ongoing coronavirus pandemic requires new disinfection approaches, especially for airborne viruses. The 254 nm emission of low-pressure vacuum lamps is known for its antimicrobial effect, but unfortunately, this radiation is also harmful to human cells. Some researchers published reports that short-wavelength ultraviolet light in the spectral region of 200-230 nm (far-UVC) should inactivate pathogens without harming human cells, which might be very helpful in many applications. A literature search on the impact of far-UVC radiation on pathogens, cells, skin and eyes was performed and median log-reduction doses for different pathogens and wavelengths were calculated. Observed damage to cells, skin and eyes was collected and presented in standardized form. More than 100 papers on far-UVC disinfection, published within the last 100 years, were found. Far-UVC radiation, especially the 222 nm emission of KrCl excimer lamps, exhibits strong antimicrobial properties. The average necessary log-reduction doses are 1.3 times higher than with 254 nm irradiation. A dose of 100 mJ/cm reduces all pathogens by several orders of magnitude without harming human cells, if optical filters block emissions above 230 nm. The approach is very promising, especially for temporary applications, but the data is still sparse. Investigations with high far-UVC doses over a longer period of time have not yet been carried out, and there is no positive study on the impact of this radiation on human eyes. Additionally, far-UVC sources are unavailable in larger quantities. Therefore, this is not a short-term solution for the current pandemic, but may be suitable for future technological approaches for decontamination in rooms in the presence of people or for antisepsis.
持续的新冠疫情需要新的消毒方法，尤其是针对空气传播病毒的方法。低压真空灯发出的254纳米辐射以其抗菌效果而闻名，但不幸的是，这种辐射对人体细胞也有害。一些研究人员发表报告称，光谱区域在200 - 230纳米的短波紫外线（远紫外线C）应能灭活病原体而不伤害人体细胞，这在许多应用中可能会非常有帮助。我们对远紫外线C辐射对病原体、细胞、皮肤和眼睛的影响进行了文献检索，并计算了不同病原体和波长的中位对数减少剂量。收集了观察到的对细胞、皮肤和眼睛的损伤，并以标准化形式呈现。我们发现了过去100年内发表的100多篇关于远紫外线C消毒的论文。远紫外线C辐射，尤其是氪氯准分子灯发出的222纳米辐射，具有很强的抗菌特性。平均所需的对数减少剂量比254纳米辐射高1.3倍。如果光学滤光片能阻挡230纳米以上的辐射，100毫焦/平方厘米的剂量能将所有病原体减少几个数量级而不伤害人体细胞。这种方法非常有前景，特别是对于临时应用，但数据仍然稀少。尚未进行长时间高剂量远紫外线C的研究，也没有关于这种辐射对人眼影响的正面研究。此外，大量的远紫外线C光源无法获得。因此，这不是当前疫情的短期解决方案，但可能适用于未来在有人的房间进行净化或防腐的技术方法。
