Liszkay Gabriella, Kiss Zoltan, Gyulai Roland, Oláh Judit, Holló Péter, Emri Gabriella, Csejtei András, Kenessey István, Benedek Angela, Polányi Zoltán, Nagy-Erdei Zsófia, Daniel Andrea, Knollmajer Kata, Várnai Máté, Vokó Zoltán, Nagy Balázs, Rokszin György, Fábián Ibolya, Barcza Zsófia, Polgár Csaba
Department of Dermato-Oncology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.
MSD Pharma Hungary Ltd., Budapest, Hungary.
Front Oncol. 2021 Feb 12;10:612459. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.612459. eCollection 2020.
The incidence of malignant melanoma has continually increased during the past few decades, however, certain reports suggest a recent change in trends. The aim of our study was to examine the epidemiology of melanoma in Hungary.
This nationwide, retrospective, longitudinal study included melanoma patients diagnosed between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2019 using the databases of the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) and Central Statistical Office (CSO) of Hungary. Age-standardized incidence and cause-specific mortality rates were calculated.
We identified 2,426 and 2,414 new melanoma cases in 2011 and in 2019. Age-standardized incidence rates were higher in males and varied between 28.28 and 34.57/100,000 person-years (PYs), and between 22.63 and 26.72/100,000 PYs in females. We found 16.14 and 18.82% increases in male and female incidence rates from 2011 to 2015 (p=0.067 and p<0.001, respectively), and 12.77 and 11.35% decreases from 2015 to 2019 (p=0.062 and p=0.004, respectively). The change of incidence trends (2011-2015 vs. 2015-2019) was significant in females (p=0.002) and in the total melanoma population (p=0.011), but not in the male population (p=0.063). A 16.55% (95% CI: -27.07 to -4.59; p=0.013) decrease in mortality rates was found in the overall melanoma population.
We observed a significant trend change in melanoma incidence in the female and total melanoma population, and a significant decrease in mortality in the total melanoma population. These changes may be attributed to intensive melanoma awareness campaigns as well as to the increase in screening and access to modern therapies.
在过去几十年中，恶性黑色素瘤的发病率持续上升，然而，某些报告表明近期趋势有所变化。我们研究的目的是调查匈牙利黑色素瘤的流行病学情况。
这项全国性的回顾性纵向研究纳入了2009年1月1日至2019年12月31日期间使用匈牙利国家健康保险基金（NHIF）和中央统计局（CSO）数据库确诊的黑色素瘤患者。计算了年龄标准化发病率和特定病因死亡率。
我们在2011年和2019年分别确定了2426例和2414例新的黑色素瘤病例。男性的年龄标准化发病率较高，在28.28至34.57/100,000人年之间，女性在22.63至26.72/100,000人年之间。我们发现，从2011年到2015年，男性和女性的发病率分别上升了16.14%和18.82%（p分别为0.067和p<0.001），从2015年到2019年分别下降了12.77%和11.35%（p分别为0.062和p=0.004）。发病率趋势的变化（2011 - 2015年与2015 - 2019年）在女性（p = 0.002）和黑色素瘤总人群（p = 0.011）中具有显著性，但在男性人群中不显著（p = 0.063）。在黑色素瘤总人群中发现死亡率下降了16.55%（95%置信区间：-27.07至-4.59；p = 0.013）。
我们观察到女性和黑色素瘤总人群中黑色素瘤发病率有显著趋势变化，黑色素瘤总人群死亡率显著下降。这些变化可能归因于强化的黑色素瘤宣传活动以及筛查和获得现代疗法的机会增加。
