Department of Metallomics, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2022 Feb;200(2):624-634. doi: 10.1007/s12011-021-02655-9. Epub 2021 Mar 3.
Osteoporosis is a growing public health issue for an aging society. Previous studies have found both beneficial and detrimental effects of obesity on bone health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of estrogen deficiency and physical activity on bone and blood concentrations of macrominerals (Ca, P, and Mg) and microminerals (Zn, Se, Cu, and Fe) in a high-fat diet-induced obesity rat model. Forty-eight female Wistar rats were divided into six groups: sham-operated and ovariectomized rats that received a standard diet (SD), high-fat diet (HFD), or HFD accompanied by physical exercise. The effect of ovariectomy on bone minerals varied with diet. Ovariectomy significantly decreased femoral Ca and Mg in sedentary rats receiving a SD; femoral Se, Cu, Zn, and Fe in sedentary rats on HFD; and plasma Fe in both sedentary rats on SD and exercising rats on HFD. The interaction of ovariectomy and diet had the strongest impact on Mg and Se concentrations in femur. In ovariectomized rats, HFD showed to have a protective effect on bone mineralization (femoral Ca and Mg), and a negative one on antioxidant microminerals (femoral Se, Cu, and Zn). Physical activity reduced the decline of Se, Cu, Zn, and Fe in the femur of ovariectomized rats on HFD. In the current state of knowledge, it is difficult to suggest if decreased femoral levels of antioxidant microminerals may contribute to the pathophysiology of osteoporosis in obese individuals or just reflect the mineral status in the body.
骨质疏松症是老龄化社会日益严重的公共健康问题。既往研究发现肥胖对骨骼健康具有有益和有害的双重影响。本研究旨在探讨雌激素缺乏和身体活动对高脂肪饮食诱导肥胖大鼠模型中骨骼和血液中宏量矿物质（钙、磷和镁）和微量元素（锌、硒、铜和铁）的影响。48 只雌性 Wistar 大鼠分为 6 组：假手术组和去卵巢组，分别给予标准饮食（SD）、高脂肪饮食（HFD）或 HFD 加身体运动。去卵巢对骨骼矿物质的影响因饮食而异。在安静状态下接受 SD 的大鼠中，去卵巢显著降低了股骨 Ca 和 Mg；在安静状态下接受 HFD 的大鼠中，股骨 Se、Cu、Zn 和 Fe；在 SD 安静状态下的大鼠和 HFD 运动状态下的大鼠中，血浆 Fe 也降低了。去卵巢和饮食的相互作用对股骨中 Mg 和 Se 浓度的影响最大。在去卵巢大鼠中，HFD 对骨矿化（股骨 Ca 和 Mg）具有保护作用，对抗氧化微量元素（股骨 Se、Cu 和 Zn）具有负作用。身体运动降低了 HFD 去卵巢大鼠股骨中 Se、Cu、Zn 和 Fe 的下降。在目前的知识状态下，很难确定股骨中抗氧化微量元素水平的降低是否可能导致肥胖个体的骨质疏松症的病理生理学，或者只是反映了体内的矿物质状态。
