Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 Oct;130:110639. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110639. Epub 2020 Aug 20.
The incidence of cancer is increasing year by year. Cancer has become one of the health threats of modern people. Simply relying on the surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy, not only the survival rate is not high, but also the quality of life of patients is not much better. Fortunately, the emergence and rapid development of cancer immunotherapy have brought more and more exciting results. However, when scientists think it is possible to overcome cancer, they find that not all cancer patients can benefit from immunotherapy, that is to say, the overall efficiency of immunotherapy is not high. Drug resistance and side effects of immunotherapy cannot be ignored. In order to overcome these difficulties, scientists continue to improve the strategy of immunotherapy and find that combination therapy can effectively reduce the incidence of drug resistance. They also found that by reprogramming tumor blood vessels, activating ferroptosis, utilizing thioredoxin, FATP2 and other substances, the therapeutic effect can be improved and side effects can be alleviated. This article reviews the principles of immunotherapy, new strategies to overcome drug resistance of cancer immunotherapy, and how to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy and reduce side effects.
癌症的发病率逐年上升。癌症已经成为现代人健康的威胁之一。单纯依靠手术、化疗或放疗，不仅生存率不高，而且患者的生活质量也没有太大改善。幸运的是，癌症免疫疗法的出现和快速发展带来了越来越多令人兴奋的结果。然而，当科学家们认为有可能战胜癌症时，他们发现并非所有癌症患者都能从免疫疗法中受益，也就是说，免疫疗法的总体效率不高。免疫疗法的耐药性和副作用不容忽视。为了克服这些困难，科学家们不断改进免疫疗法的策略，发现联合治疗可以有效降低耐药性的发生。他们还发现，通过重新编程肿瘤血管、激活铁死亡、利用硫氧还蛋白、FATP2 等物质，可以提高治疗效果，减轻副作用。本文综述了免疫疗法的原理、克服癌症免疫疗法耐药性的新策略，以及如何提高免疫疗法的疗效和减轻副作用。
