Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Feb 22;21(4):1500. doi: 10.3390/s21041500.
Fluxgate magnetic sensors are especially important in detecting weak magnetic fields. The mechanism of a fluxgate magnetic sensor is based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. The structure of a fluxgate magnetic sensor mainly consists of excitation windings, core and sensing windings, similar to the structure of a transformer. To date, they have been applied to many fields such as geophysics and astro-observations, wearable electronic devices and non-destructive testing. In this review, we report the recent progress in both the basic research and applications of fluxgate magnetic sensors, especially in the past two years. Regarding the basic research, we focus on the progress in lowering the noise, better calibration methods and increasing the sensitivity. Concerning applications, we introduce recent work about fluxgate magnetometers on spacecraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, wearable electronic devices and defect detection in coiled tubing. Based on the above work, we hope that we can have a clearer prospect about the future research direction of fluxgate magnetic sensor.
磁通门磁传感器在探测弱磁场方面尤为重要。磁通门磁传感器的工作原理基于法拉第电磁感应定律。磁通门磁传感器的结构主要由励磁绕组、磁芯和检测绕组组成，类似于变压器的结构。迄今为止，它们已被广泛应用于地球物理和天文观测、可穿戴电子设备和无损检测等领域。本综述报告了近年来磁通门磁传感器在基础研究和应用方面的最新进展，尤其是过去两年的进展。在基础研究方面，我们重点介绍了降低噪声、改进校准方法和提高灵敏度方面的进展。在应用方面，我们介绍了近年来在航天器、无人机、可穿戴电子设备和连续油管缺陷检测方面的磁通门磁力计的最新工作。基于上述工作，我们希望对磁通门磁传感器的未来研究方向有更清晰的展望。
