Orso C, Stefanello T B, Franceschi C H, Mann M B, Varela A P M, Castro I M S, Frazzon J, Frazzon A P G, Andretta I, Ribeiro A M L
Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Department of Microbiology, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Poult Sci. 2021 Apr;100(4):100969. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.066. Epub 2020 Dec 30.
The objective of this study was to characterize differences in the cecal microbiota of chickens vaccinated for coccidiosis or receiving salinomycin in the diet. In this study, 140 male 1-day-old broiler chickens were divided in 2 groups: vaccine group (live vaccine) vaccinated at the first day and salinomycin group (125 ppm/kg since the first day until 35 d of age). Each treatment was composed for 7 replicates of 10 birds per pen. At 28 d, the cecal content of one bird per replicate was collected for microbiota analysis. The genetic sequencing was conducted by the Miseq Illumina platform. Vaccine group showed lower body weight, weight gain, and poorer feed conversion in the total period (P < 0.05). Bacterial 16S rRNA genes were classified as 3 major phyla (Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria), accounting for more than 98% of the total bacterial community. The microbiota complexity in the cecal was estimated based on the α-diversity indices. The vaccine did not reduce species richness and diversity (P > 0.05). The richness distribution in the salinomycin group was larger and more uniform than the vaccinated birds. Salinomycin group was related to the enrichment of Bacteroidetes, whereas Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla were in greater proportions in the vaccine group. The last phylum includes a wide variety of pathogenic bacteria. The vaccine did not decrease the species richness but decreased the percentage of Bacteroidetes, a phylum composed by genera that produce short-chain fatty acids improving intestinal health. Vaccine group also had higher Proteobacteria phylum, which may help explain its poorer performance.
本研究的目的是描述接种球虫病疫苗或在日粮中添加盐霉素的鸡盲肠微生物群的差异。在本研究中，140只1日龄雄性肉鸡被分为2组：疫苗组（活疫苗）在第1天接种，盐霉素组（从第1天至35日龄添加125 ppm/kg）。每个处理组由7个重复栏组成，每栏10只鸡。在第28天，每个重复栏采集1只鸡的盲肠内容物进行微生物群分析。通过Illumina Miseq平台进行基因测序。疫苗组在整个期间体重、体重增加较低，饲料转化率较差（P<0.05）。细菌16S rRNA基因被分类为3个主要门（拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和变形菌门），占细菌群落总数的98%以上。基于α-多样性指数估计盲肠中的微生物群复杂性。疫苗并未降低物种丰富度和多样性（P>0.05）。盐霉素组的丰富度分布比接种疫苗的鸡更大且更均匀。盐霉素组与拟杆菌门的富集有关，而厚壁菌门和变形菌门在疫苗组中所占比例更大。最后一个门包括多种病原菌。疫苗并未降低物种丰富度，但降低了拟杆菌门的百分比，拟杆菌门由产生改善肠道健康的短链脂肪酸的属组成。疫苗组的变形菌门也更高，这可能有助于解释其较差的性能。
