Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Suite 3120 Riley Pediatric Care Center, 1002 Wishard Boulevard, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Purdue University, Department of Public Health, Matthews Hall 216, 812 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Vaccine. 2021 Apr 1;39(14):1921-1928. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.03.003. Epub 2021 Mar 4.
Decisions about influenza vaccination for fall-winter 2020 were made against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic. During May 2020, the authors examined intended vaccination in the next 12 months in relationship to demographic variables, healthcare attitudes, and personal COVID-19 experiences for two samples of adults--those who did not receive influenza vaccine during the prior 12 months, and those who did.
In May 2020, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted with a national US sample. Participants reported prior influenza vaccination (yes/no during prior 12 months) and anticipated vaccination (yes/no during next 12 months). Covariates included demographic characteristics (e.g., gender, race-ethnicity, political ideology), general beliefs (e.g., benefits of vaccines, altruistic attitudes), and COVID-19 health beliefs and experiences (COVID-19 worry and severity, perception of COVID-19 as a community threat, knowing someone with COVID-19). For each group, hierarchical multivariable logistic regression was conducted with intent to vaccinate as the outcome.
Among participants (n = 3502), 47% did not receive influenza vaccine in the prior 12 months and 53% had; 25.5% of non-vaccinators and 91.9% of vaccinators intended future vaccination. For non-vaccinators, odds of intending vaccination was associated with race/ethnicity (Hispanics were more likely to intend than white-NH; AOR = 1.74; 95% CI = 1.23-2.4), greater perceived benefits of vaccination (AOR = 2.19; 95% CI = 1.88-2.54), and perception of COVID-19 as a community threat (AOR = 1.91; 95% CI = 1.49-2.45). For vaccinators, odds of intending vaccination was associated with age (AOR = 1.04; 95% CI = 1.03-1.05), race/ethnicity (Black-NH and Other-NH were less likely to intend than white-NH, AOR = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.36-0.999; and AOR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.24-0.84, respectively), greater perceived benefits of vaccination (AOR = 1.88; 95% CI = 1.45-2.45) and greater perception of collective benefits of vaccines (AOR = 1.48; 95% CI = 1.15-1.90).
The COVID-19 pandemic may have served as a cue to action for influenza vaccination intention among some prior non-vaccinators whereas intention among prior vaccinators is more related to positive attitudes toward vaccination.
2020 年秋冬流感疫苗接种决策是在 COVID-19 大流行的背景下做出的。2020 年 5 月，作者研究了两个成年人样本在未来 12 个月内接种流感疫苗的意愿，这些成年人要么在前 12 个月内没有接种流感疫苗，要么接种了。
2020 年 5 月，对美国全国性样本进行了一项横断面在线调查。参与者报告了前一次流感疫苗接种情况（过去 12 个月内接种/未接种）和预期接种情况（未来 12 个月内接种/未接种）。协变量包括人口统计学特征（如性别、种族-民族、政治意识形态）、一般信念（如疫苗的益处、利他主义态度）和 COVID-19 健康信念和经验（对 COVID-19 的担忧和严重程度、对 COVID-19 作为社区威胁的认知、认识患有 COVID-19 的人）。对于每个群体，都进行了分层多变量逻辑回归，以接种意愿为结果。
在参与者中（n=3502），47%的人在前 12 个月内没有接种流感疫苗，53%的人接种了疫苗；未接种疫苗者中有 25.5%，而接种疫苗者中有 91.9%打算未来接种。对于未接种疫苗者，接种意愿与种族/民族（西班牙裔比白人-NH 更有可能有意愿，AOR=1.74；95%CI=1.23-2.4）、对疫苗益处的更大感知（AOR=2.19；95%CI=1.88-2.54）和对 COVID-19 作为社区威胁的感知（AOR=1.91；95%CI=1.49-2.45）有关。对于接种疫苗者，接种意愿与年龄（AOR=1.04；95%CI=1.03-1.05）、种族/民族（黑人-NH 和其他-NH 比白人-NH 更不可能有意愿，AOR=0.60；95%CI=0.36-0.999；AOR=0.45；95%CI=0.24-0.84）、对疫苗益处的更大感知（AOR=1.88；95%CI=1.45-2.45）和对疫苗集体益处的更大感知（AOR=1.48；95%CI=1.15-1.90）有关。
COVID-19 大流行可能是一些以前未接种疫苗者流感疫苗接种意愿的行动提示，而以前接种疫苗者的意愿更多地与对疫苗接种的积极态度有关。
