Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China; Nanjing University & Yancheng Academy of Environmental Protection Technology and Engineering, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224001, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Apr 10;764:142917. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142917. Epub 2020 Oct 12.
A full-scale sewage treatment plant in Xi'an city is discovered as the first mainstream anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) treatment process in China. Whether its biological mechanism is the nitritation-anammox or partial denitrification (PD)-anammox brought violent controversy between two groups. As a third party, here we uncovered the mystery of the moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) as a PD-anammox process by analyzing the diversity and phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) of microbes in anoxic pond. Anammox bacteria was found in the MBBR anoxic tank, which abundance is 8.9 times of that in the common anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process, confirming the existence of anammox process. The denitrifying bacteria (DNB) content in the anoxic tank is 5.9 times of the content of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), thus the DNB-anammox system is proved at the microbial composition level. The PICRUSt analysis found that ammonium nitrogen is mainly derived from the deamination of urea. The functional genes NAR and AMO of DNB and AOB are 910.84 and 5.80 rpms, respectively. The NAR gene content is 157.0 times of the AMO gene content and it is proved at the genetic level that the nitrite in the anoxic pool is mainly derived from denitrification. This study demonstrated the feasibility and advantages of the PD-anammox in the anammox process, which is different from the traditional nitritation-anammox demonstrated in Strass Wastewater Treatment Plant, Austria and Changi Water Reclamation Plant, Singapore and provided an alternative option for the mainstream application of anammox.
西安市一座全规模污水处理厂被发现是中国首例主流厌氧氨氧化（anammox）处理工艺。其生物机制是硝化-厌氧氨氧化（nitritation-anammox）还是部分反硝化（PD）-厌氧氨氧化在两组之间引发了激烈争议。作为第三方，我们通过分析缺氧池微生物的多样性和群落重建的系统发育调查（PICRUSt），揭示了移动床生物膜反应器（MBBR）作为 PD-厌氧氨氧化工艺的奥秘。在 MBBR 缺氧池中发现了厌氧氨氧化菌，其丰度是普通厌氧-缺氧-好氧工艺的 8.9 倍，证实了厌氧氨氧化过程的存在。缺氧池中的脱氮菌（DNB）含量是氨氧化菌（AOB）的 5.9 倍，因此在微生物组成水平上证明了 DNB-厌氧氨氧化系统的存在。PICRUSt 分析发现，氨氮主要来源于尿素的脱氨作用。DNB 和 AOB 的功能基因 NAR 和 AMO 分别为 910.84 和 5.80 rpm。NAR 基因含量是 AMO 基因含量的 157.0 倍，从遗传水平上证明了缺氧池中的亚硝酸盐主要来自反硝化作用。本研究证明了 PD-厌氧氨氧化在厌氧氨氧化工艺中的可行性和优势，与奥地利 Strass 污水处理厂和新加坡樟宜水再生厂所展示的传统硝化-厌氧氨氧化不同，为主流厌氧氨氧化的应用提供了另一种选择。
